Administering Medications Dr J Domenech Pearsons Comprehensive Medical

Administering Medications Dr. J. Domenech Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) • Establishes guidelines for the disposal of contaminated needles and syringes • Bloodborne pathogens standards outline follow-up procedures for health-care workers stuck with contaminated needles Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Reporting Needle Sticks • Notify the physician immediately • Report immediately to ensure that: – Testing and prophylactic treatment can be initiated – The incident can be properly investigated • Employers are responsible for providing free medical evaluation and treatment for exposure to contaminated sharps or needles while at work Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Biohazard Sharps Containers Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Steps in Medication Administration • Step 1: Check the order, and review the “three befores” and the “ten rights” • Step 2: Verify that the patient has no allergy to the ordered medicine • Step 3: Check the order again, and check the “ten rights” Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Topical Drug Forms • Creams and ointments • Lotions • Skin patches Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Topical Drugs for Mucosal Application • • • Eyedrops, eardrops, and nose drops Eye ointments Vaginal creams Rectal and vaginal suppositories Sterile douche solutions Sublingual or buccal tablets Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Administering Ointment • Wear gloves • Wipe the area clean • Apply ointment in a thin layer using a cotton swab or tongue depressor Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Administering a Liquid Medication • Shake the bottle well and then apply as directed • When administering a liquid spray, ensure that neither the patient nor the drug administrator inhale the spray Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Administering a Rectal or Vaginal Suppository Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Administering Sublingual or Buccal Medication Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Administering Oral Medications Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Inhalation Medication Administration Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Parenteral Medication Routes Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Syringes • • Med-Saver Safety-Lok Insulin Tuberculin Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Needle Gauges • The larger the needle size, the smaller the gauge • Largest needles – 14 to 18 gauge – Used only in trauma care • Intramuscular injections – 24 to 25 gauge • Subcutaneous injections – 25 to 26 gauge • Intradermal injections – 27 to 28 gauge Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Needle Length • Varies from 3/8 to 4 inches long • Depends on route used and the area of body to be injected Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Needle Sheath Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Ampules Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Withdrawing Medication from a Single- or Multiple-Dose Vial Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Muscle Sites for Intramuscular Injections • • Deltoid Vastus lateralis Dorsogluteal (gluteus medius) Ventrogluteal (gluteus medius) Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Needle Position for an Intramuscular Injection Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Sites for Subcutaneous Injection • • Deltoid area Upper back Abdomen Thighs Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Needle Position for a Subcutaneous Injection Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Rotating Sites for Administering Insulin Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Administering an Injection Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Administering a Z-Track Injection Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Sites for Intradermal Skin Injections Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Needle Position for an Intradermal Skin Test Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Performing a Tuberculin Skin Test Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Intravenous Therapy Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Immunizations • Given to decrease disease susceptibility • Recommended for certain age groups by the CDC and other organizations Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Childhood and Adolescent Vaccines • • • Hepatitis B Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus Hi. B conjugate MMR Varicella Pneumococcal Hepatitis A Poliovirus Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Reconstituting Powdered Medication Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Charting Medications • 9/10/XX 9: 00 A. M. , nitroglycerin, 1 tab, sublingually. Written instructions given to pt. Precautions explained. Told to call progress in to office at 1: 00 P. M. today. M. Richards, CMA Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458

Summary • • Reporting needle sticks Steps in medication administration Topical drug forms Syringes, needles, and ampules Types of injections Immunizations Charting medications Pearson’s Comprehensive Medical Assisting Beaman / Fleming-Mc. Phillips © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458