Adjectives from verbs and nouns We add these

. Adjectives from verbs and nouns We add these suffixes to verbs and nouns to form adjectives. Notice any spelling changes. -able -ible -al -ant -ful – less- ive ous -(t)ic -y -ed –ing

-able- - ible- • -able - atractable , believe - believable, change – changeable, drink – drinkable, enjoy – enjoyable, memory – memorable, rely- reliable • - ible - avert – avertible, impress –impressible, - sense – sensible, collapse – collapsible

-al- - ant • -almythology - mythological, atonomy -atonomical centre – central, nature- natural, accidend- accidendal, addition – additional, clinic- clinical -ant - please – pleasant

- ful-(=with) - / - less- (=without) - ful – - care – careful, cheer – cheerful, colourful, help - helpful, success – successful, hope-hopeful - less – - colourless, help – helpless, hope – hopeless.

-ive • -ive - action – active, destruction – destructive, imagination – imaginative, sense – sensitive.

- ous • - ous – • ambition – ambitious, caution- cautious, courage – courageous, danger – dangerous, fame – famous, glamour – glamorous, adventure- adventurous, generosity- generous, labour-labourious

-(t)ic- • -(t)ic- artist – artistic, despotic, diplomat-diplomatic energy – energetic, optimism – optimistic, romance – romantic, period – periodic.

-y-y - cloudy, fun – funny, mood – moody, scare – scary, risk-risky, wind- windy, earth- earthy -en- heart-hearten, gold- golden

- ed / -ing - bore – boring, entertain – entertaining, interest – interesting, frighten – frightening, tire – tiring -edbore – bored, frighten – frightened, interest – interested, tire – tired

Complete each sentence by inserting the adjective formed from the noun in brackets: Example: He is a very. . . child. (demand) He is a very demanding child. The new system is … to the workers. (advantage) There was an attemp to resume… relations. (diplomat) It had beeb a … day. (memory) Her family is discussing a … move to America. (possibility) He feels quite. . . in their company. (comfort) Conan Doyle wrote many. . . stories. (adventure) This strategy is …. (risk)

Make adjectives from each of the following words: • -al – -arrive-centre-environment-person-function-lyric-motion-nature- - able-accept-comfort-consider-drink-eat-attract-believe-change- -ible-avert-impress-horror-perfect-permission-

Make adjectives from each of the following words: - ful-colour- faith-help-hope- joy- pain-pity- -less-colour-help-hope- joy-pity- -ful-doubt-ease-health-less- foot-breath-fear-

Make adjectives from each of the following words: -(t)ic-hero-artist-economy-energy-period-patriot-history- -y-cloud-wind-sun-noise-fog-mess-mood- -ous-fame-danger-glamour-mystery-courage-generosity-nerve-

2. Nouns from adjectives We add these suffixes to adjectives to form nouns. Notice any spelling changes. -(an)ce -(at)ion -cy -(en)ce -(il)ity -ness -th -ty –y -(an)ce- absent- absence, brilliant brilliance, clear-clearance, intelligentintelligence, important - importance, tolerant tolerance

Nouns from adjectives -(at)ion- active- action, considerate- consideration , constructive-construction, definitive-definition, infectious-infection -cy- legal- legacy, accurate – accuracy, fluent – fluency, private – privacy. -(en)ce- confident – confidence, different – difference, consequent-consequence, convenient- convenience, present- presence, excellent-excellence, violentviolence, patient – patience. -(an)ce- distant - distance , financial-finance, instantinstance

Nouns from adjectives -th- wide- width, broad – breadth, dead – death, deep – depth, long – length, strong – strength, true – truth, warm – warmth, young – youth -ty- royalty, cruel – cruelty, loyal – loyalty, safe – safety, anxious-anxiety -y - difficult – difficulty, honest – honesty, ecological-ecology, industrial- industry, injured-injury, luxurious – luxury, brave – bravery. -ness clever-cleverness, quite- quietness, quick- quickness, rough- roughness, shy- shyness, late-lateness, happy – happiness, dark- darkness, sad – sadness.

Nouns from adjectives -dom- wise-wisdom, free- freedom -(il)ity- available-availability, able – ability, creative – creativity, equal – equality, formal – formality, generous – generosity, popular – popularity, possible – possibility, pure- purity, rapid - rapidity

Other ways of changing adjective into nouns high – height, pleased – pleasure, proud – pride, poor – poverty, loyal-loyalty, optimistic – optimism, short-shortage, weigh- weight, angry- anger

Make a noun from each of the following adjective: 1) artistic polluted political busy friendly social responsible happy kind 2)enjoyable disappointing possible cruel dangerous difficult personal humane safe

3. Nouns from verbs We add these suffixes to verbs to form nouns. Notice any spelling changes. -al -ance -(a)tion -ence -ment -ness -nt -sion -ty -ure -y -al arrive - arrival, survive – survival -ance - assistance, annoy - annoyance, appear - appearance, perform - performance, resist- resistance, tolerate – tolerance -ence – differ- difference -(at)ion- attraction, celebrate - celebration, compose-composition, connect- connection, correct- correction, create- creation, discussion, educate - education, explain - explanation, inspire - inspiration, invent - invention, organise - organisation, pollute - pollution

Nouns from verbs -ence- reference, obey - obedience, persist - persistence -ment- argue – arguement, amuse – amusement, arrange – arrangement, develop – development, entertain – entertainment, improve – improvement, management, involve- involvement, treat - treatment -ness- forgiveness -ant- assistant, participate - participant -sion- decide – decision, divide-division, provide- provision -tysave - safety, vary - variety -(t)ure- departure, mix- mixture, please - pleasure -yrecover- recovery, discover - discovery

Nouns from verbs -or- create-creator, navigate-navigator, conquer – conqueror, protect- protector, inventor, govern-governor -er- writer, design-designer, developer, discover- discoverer, importer -ar- beggar

Other ways of changing verbs into nouns behave - behaviour, believe - belief, breathebreath, choose - choice, comparecomparison, destroy - destruction, die - death, fly - flight, live - life, marry - marriage, prove - proof, succeed – success.

Form nouns from the following verbs: -achieve -add -admire -appear -apply -expect -believe -move -deliver -communicate -compare -delegate -discover -educate -express -invite-live -survive

Complete the phrases A reasonable …. . (explain) An exact …. . (compare) Terrible …. . (bore) Necessary …. . (motivate) An exciting…. . (fly) An important …. . (discover) Compulsory …. . (educate) Wise …. . (decide) Naughty …. . (behave) Fast…. (connect)

Complete each sentence. I have always had the greatest … for him (admire) Students apply for … to a particular college (admit) She used to be so careful about her … (appear) Each day there are new … in the camp. (arrive) Each disk has a short… of the music on it. (describe) I made an incredible…( discover) Everybody roared with… (laugh) Pupils need …to study (motivate)

4. Verbs from adjectives We add –en- to certain adjectives to form verbs. -en- brighten, dark- darken, deepen, light- lighten, long - lengthen, strong – strengthen, wide-widen.

5. Making words negative We use these prefixes to make words negative. - dis- im- in- ir- mis- un-dis- arm – disarm, appointment-disappointmen agree disagree, appear - disappear, believe-disbelieve, like dislike, continue-discontinue, order-disorder il- (l) literate- illiterate, legal - illegal, logical - illogical im-(b, m, p) , balance-imbalance, lmature - immature, patient impatient possible - impossible, practical - impractical in- consistent-inconsistent, definite- indefinite, dependence – independece, flexible - inflexible, formal - informal, visible invisible

-ir- relevant-irrelevant, regular - irregular, responsible – irresponsible -mis- advise- misadvise, behave misbehave, count-miscount, fortunemisfortune, hear-mishear -un- able - unable, baked-unbaked, beliefunbelief, comfortable - uncomfortable, coveruncover, eatable-uneatable, happy - unhappy, reliable - unreliable, usual - unusual

the suffix – less -less-breathless, care - careless, footless, harm - harmless, hopeless, joy-joyless, fear - fearless, sense – senseless, weight-weightless

Make opposites of these words by adding the prefixes - un-, -dis-un-born -broken -clear -comfortable -conscious -fair -friendly -important -dis-ability -approval -connect -courage -obey -like -honest -pleasure

Make opposites of these words by adding the prefixes - in-, im-in-ability -action -cautious -communicable -correct -distinct -direct -sensible -im-modest -morality -movable -mature -polite -possible -pure -practical

Complete the sentenses by using antonyms beginning with -im, -in, -dis 1. Every job has its … (advantage) 2. I respect him even though I often…with him (agree) 3. A large variety of … restaurants are in this street (expensive) 4. There are many … in her article. (accuracy) 5. She’s just being childish and… (mature) 6. You are an … man! (possible)

6. Adverbs We add the suffix – ly- to nouns, adjectives to form adverbs. Notice any spelling changes -friend- friendly, day- daily, brother- brotherly -loudly, easy- easily, noisy-noisily, simplesimply, automatic –automatically, true- truly, full-fully

Form adverbs from nouns, adjectives -ly-sad -usual -real -calm -safe -hour -firm -proud -close -brave -near -day -week -happy