Addiction Term used to describe problems related to

Addiction Term used to describe problems related to substance use

Definitions � Intoxication short term psychological and physiological consequences � � Abuse long term physical, mental and social problems � Hazardous use may cause damage to physical health � Harmful use already caused damage

Definitions � Tolerance higher dose for same effect � Withdrawal state � Craving � Dependence psychophysiological state accompany repeated administration

Alcoholism � Problem drinker � Is it a disease � Criteria of alcohol dependence � narrowing of repetoir of drinking � salience over other activities � tolerance � withdrawal � compulsion to drink � reinstatement after withdraw

Alcoholism Etiology � genetic � personality � behavioral theory � psychiatric � cultural � occupations

Alcoholism Complications � Consequences � social: marriage, work, offences, crimes , vagrancy

Alcoholism Complications psychiatric: � Depression, suicide � Delirium tremens � Hallucinosis � Amnesia � Cognitive impairment

Complications physical � Liver damage � GIT � Anemia � Cancer � Heart � Infections � Fetal alcohol syndrome

comlications neurological � Intoxication � Wernicke Korsakoff � Peripheral neuropathy � Convulsions � Myopathies �

Alcoholism Management 1 -assessment CAGE � Psychiatric � Physical � 2 - detoxification 3 - long term � Aversive therapy � Psychotherapy � self help groups

Alcoholism Prevention � Early detection � Control availability � Advertisement � Education

Benzodiazepines � Potent, short half life � Physical and psychological

Opioids � Heroin, pethidine � Physical dependence � Intoxication respiratory depression � Withdrawal anxiety � Management methadone, harm minimization

Stimulants � MDMA cocaine amphetamines � No physical withdrawal syndrome � Euphoria increased sympathetic drive � Stopping depression , craving

Hallucinogens � LSD psilocibine � Change reality � Bad trips � No physical dependence flash backs

Addiction Solvents � School boys � Disorientation vomiting � Risky, respiratory depression, � Irreversible neurotoxicity Anticholinergics � Benzhexol , procyclidine