Add Your Company Slogan Exfoliative Dermatitis Miss Wichuta
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Add Your Company Slogan Exfoliative Dermatitis Miss Wichuta Thawinwan 483150042 -1 Miss Saleela Benjawilaikul 483150187 -5 Khon Kaen University Logo
Exfoliative Dermatitis (erythroderma) M Uncommon skin disorder M One of the most severe patterns of cutaneous reaction MThe etiology is often unknown, may be the result of a drug reaction or an underlying malignancy MDiagnosis : history and examination
Clinical Manifestations Erythema (single or multiple pruritic patches) involving especially the head, trunk and genital region Erythematous, Pruritic eruption (most of the skin surface) Scaling(small or large, superficial or deep) *acute processes - large scales *chronic processes - small scales
Clinical Manifestations Scaling severe metabolic (depending on the intensity and the duration of the scaling) Cutaneous function as a multiprotective barrier is so disrupted, the body loses heat, water, protein and electrolytes, and renders itself much more vulnerable to infection Thermoregulatory dysfunction that can cause hypothermia or hyperthermia - heat loss - loss of normal vasoconstrictive function in the dermis - decreased sensitivity to the shivering reflex - extra cooling that comes from evaporation of the fluids leaking out of the weeping skin lesions
Exfoliative Dermatitis involved Heart failure(HF) Physiologic disruptions is potentially lifethreatening Hypothermia - ventricular flutter - decreased heart rate - hypotension - Increased peripheral blood flow can result in high-output cardiac failure Hypervolemia can also occur in patients with exfoliative dermatitis, contributing to the likelihood of cardiac failure
Example of Drugs cause Exfoliative Dermatitis • • • • Acetaminophen Allopurinol (Zyloprim) Aminoglycosides Amiodarone (Cordarone) Calcium channel blockers Carbamazepine (Tegretol) Cephalosporins Cisplatin (Platinol) Clotrimazole (Lotrimin) Isoniazid (Laniazid) Omeprazole (Prilosec) Penicillins Phenytoin (Dilantin) • Ranitidine (Zantac) • Rifampin (Rifadin, • Streptomycin • Sulfadiazine • Sulfonamides • Sulfonylureas • Terbutaline (Brethine, Bricanyl ( • Tetracyclines • Thiazide diuretics • Trimethoprim • Tolbutamide (Orinase ( • Vancomycin (Vancocin(
Treatment - All drugs should be stopped if possible or changed - hospitalization is often necessary - The balance of fluids and electrolytes should be closely monitored, since dehydration or hypervolemia can be problems - vigilant about possible secondary infection, whether cutaneous, pulmonary or systemic
Treatment Corticosteroids - 40 -60 mg PO daily dose may be increased by 20 mg if no improvement observed in 3 -4 d; taper over 2 wk as symptoms resolve Antihistamines - 25 -50 mg PO q 6 -8 h prn; not to exceed 400 mg/d - 10 -50 mg IV/IM q 6 -8 h prn; not to exceed 400 mg/d Immunosuppressives : Cyclosporine - 2. 5 -5 mg/kg/d PO in divided doses
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