Adaptations Natural Selection NICHE A habitat supplying factors
Adaptations & Natural Selection
NICHE • A habitat supplying factors necessary for existence of an organism and its ecological role in regard to food consumption.
Polar Bear • Lives(Habitat): • Cold environment (Arctic Tundra) • Why white fur? (adaptation) • Blend in for hunting and protection • Job (Niche): • Keep population of seals down
Woodpecker • Lives (Habitat): – Forest in a tree • Why in a tree? – Safe from predators • Job (niche): – Control insect population that harms trees
ADAPTATION • A characteristic that helps an organism survive and reproduce. –Survive means: eat, blend-in (camouflage), hunt, protect self, find food, etc.
DESERT Fennec FOX • Hot environment • Big ears
ARCTIC FOX • Cold environment • Small ears
DESERT RABBIT(hare) • Hot environment • Big ears
ARCTIC HARE • Cold environment • Small ears
BIG IDEA Heat escapes through the ears
Bioluminescence-Adaptation • Light that is given off by a creature – Reproduction – Hunting • Lightening bugs • Angler fish • Mushrooms in Brazil
Echolocation-Adaptation • An animal’s (or human’s) ability to tell where an object is by detecting the sound bouncing off of it • Bat • Dolphins http: //www. shockwave-sound. com/soundeffects/bat-sounds/bat 1. wav
Flippers-Adaptation • Legs that are specialized for swimming(movement) • Sea turtles • Penguins • Walrus
Claw-Adaptation • Used for gripping, digging and tearing things apart • Bears • Moles • Cats
Sense of Smell-Adaptation • Ability to detect scent to find food, a mate, or avoid danger – Hunting, protection, reproduction • Vultures • Turkey • Dogs
Teeth- Adaptation • Used for tearing, chewing, ripping food for consumption 1. Sharp • Lion • Eating Meat (carnivores) 2. Flat • Horse • Grass/Grains (herbivores) 3. Baleen (filter-like) • Blue Whale • Krill 4. Mixed-sharp and flat • Humans • Meat and plants(omnivores)
Another Adaptation • Asexual reproduction – A form of reproduction without a mother and a father; genetically identical to its parent (like a clone) – Strawberries plants will make runners, vines that will root and make a new plant – A potato will sprout and produce new potato plants
Natural Selection • Process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than other members of the species – Therefore, they pass on the more desired traits for survival
Natural Selection • Its theorized that giraffes adapted to the climate change in Africa when it went from being a lush jungle to a drier savannah over two million years ago. • Normal food sources died out. Trees became the main food source, with leaves high up. • Offspring that were born with shorter necks could not reach the food and did not survive. • Only the giraffes with the longer necks were able to survive and reproduce, so the giraffe population passed on the long neck gene to its offspring.
• Genetic Diversity- Vocabulary – Difference in the genes among a species • If every human was exactly the same and an infectious, deadly disease came around, what would happen? ? ? • Variations- – Any difference between individuals of the same species • Resilient- – Able to overcome a tough situation • Continuous- – Never ending; cycle • Water cycle, carbon cycle, changes • Migration- – Movement of a species during certain times of the year • Birds, sea turtles, monarchs • Competition- – Interaction among organisms by which they compete for survival, for biotic and abiotic factors, reproduction, and hierarchal position.
Vocabulary Bubbles • • • Prey Predator Commensalism Mutualism Parasitism Regeneration
Prey Picture Definition An animal that is eaten by another Prey A mouse gets eaten by a snake Example 1 Example 2
Predator Picture Definition An animal that eats another animal Predator A lion eating a gazelle Example 1 Example 2
Commensalism Picture Definition Relationship between animals where one species benefits while the other is unaffected Commensalism A whale and barnacles Example 1 Example 2
Mutualism Picture Definition Relationship between animals where both species benefit Mutualism A clown fish and sea anemone Example 1 Example 2
Parasitism Picture Definition Relationship between animals where one species benefits while causing harm to the other Parasitism A mosquito to a human Example 1 Example 2
Regeneration Picture Definition The ability of an organism to regrow or renew a part of itself; also part of asexual reproduction Regeneration A starfish that gets a leg cut will grow it back Example 1 Example 2
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