ADAMS CLASP Parts Two arrow heads Bridge Retentive

ADAMS CLASP Parts • Two arrow heads • Bridge • Retentive arms Uses � Retention of orthodontic appliances. Advantages � Can be modified � Can be used on any tooth. � No special pliers are required for construction.

SHORT LABIAL BOW � Constructed using 0. 7 mm round SS wire. Activated by compressing U loops. Parts � Bow � Two U loops � Retentive arms Uses Minor overjet reduction Anterior space closure �

SPLIT LABIAL BOW � Labial bow that has split in the middle Activated by compressing U loop. Parts Two buccal arms Two U loops Uses Anterior retraction. Closure of midline diastema. �

ROBERTS RETRACTOR � Made of 0. 5 mm thinner gauge wire Flexible � Distal part of retractor is supported in a S. S tubing Uses Overjet more than 4 mm. Parts Bow Coil of 3 mm diameter. A retentive arm Advantages More flexible and lighter forcescan be used in adults �

LIP BUMPER / LIP PLUMBER Uses Used in cases of lip sucking. Patients exhibiting hyperactive mentalis activity. Used to augment anchorage. Distalise molars Muscle force application and force elimination.

PREFORMED BANDS Also called as seamless bands. � Passive components. � Available in various sizes. � Directly cemented on to the tooth. � Made of soft stainless steel. � Attachments are soldered/welded to the bands and cemented. � Uses Reduces chair time. More comfortable to the patient.

Adams with helix �A helix incorporated into the bridge of the adams clasp �Helps in engaging elastics

High labial bow with apron spring PARTSBow- 0. 9 mm wire (EXTENDS VESTIBULE) Apron spring 0. 4 mm attached to high labial bow. Indication: Large overjet Can be used in adult patients Activation: Apron spring bend towards teeth

Coffin spring � Removable type of arch expansion spring introduced by Walter Coffin � It consists of a U-shaped or omega shaped wire placed in the mid-palatal region with the retentive arm incorporated in to base plates. � Used for slow dento alveolar expansion � Used in consticted upper arch

Hawleys posterior bite plane �Bite planes incorporated into hawleys appliance �Extends to the occlusal surface of the posterior teeth �Used in correction of cross bites

Ligature wire �Soft stainless steel of 0. 09 to 0. 011 inches in diameter �Used to secure arch wire into the brackets

o Modification of adams clasp o Fabricated when retention in that area required o Constructed on single tooth or two teeth

BIONATOR Myofunctional appliance � monoblock � Developed by BALTORS in 1950’s. � 3 types : - standard appliance class III appliance the open bite appliance � INDICATIONS Class II div 1 malocclusion with well aligned dental arches and retruded mandible Class III malocclusion (reverse bionator). Open bite cases n mandibular prognathism (open bite bionator).

TWIN BLOCK �`

o o o Myofunctional appliance Appliance consists of an upper and lower plate having occlusally inclined bite planes causing a functional mandibular displacement The upper and lower bite block interlock at 45 degree USES o For correction of class II in growing patients

ADAM’S CLASP WITH DISTAL EXTENSION • modification of the adams clasp • Distal arrow head as a small extension incorporated distally. • The distal extension helps in engaging elastics.

T - SPRING • Buccal movement of premolars and sometimes canines can be brought about using a T-spring. • Spring consists a T shaped arm. • The spring is activated by pulling the free end of the T towards the intended direction of tooth movement.

FINGER SPRING � Also called single cantilever spring as one end is fixed in acrylic and the other end is free. � Used for mesiodistal movement of the teeth. � The finger spring is activated by moving the active arm towards the teeth intended to be moved. This is done as close to the coil as possible.

MILLS LABIAL BOW � This is a labial bow having extensive looping of the wire so as to increase the flexibility and range of action. � Mills retractor is indicated in patients with large overjet. � The disadvantages of the Mills retractor include difficulty in construction and poor patient acceptance due to the complex design of the bow.

LIGATURE RINGS � Arch wires can be secured to the brackets using small elastomeric rings called ligating rings or elastic rings. � Available in various colours. � An alternative way to secure the archwire to the bracket is the use of ligature wires.

Circumferential clasp • • • Three-quarter clasp or ‘C’ clasp Engages bucco-cervical undercut. Advantages- simplicity of design and fabrication Disadvantage- cannot be used in partially erupted teeth. Fabricated using 0. 7 mm stainless steel wire

Adams clasp with soldered buccal tube �Modification of adams clasp �Buccal tube soldered to bridge of the Adams clasp �Uses: extra oral anchorage using face bow- head gear assembly

U loop canine retractor �Made of 0. 6 mm or 0. 7 mm stainless steel wire �Consists of U loop, an active arm and retentive arm which is distal �Use: for minimal canine retraction of 12 mm

Reverse labial bow �Also called reverse loop labial bow �U loops are placed distal to canine and free ends of the U loops are adapted occlusally between premolars and canines �Indicated only in minor overjet reduction and anterior space closure cases

Facebow � Component of the head gear which is an orthopaedic appliance. � Metallic component that helps to transmit extra-oral forces on to the posterior teeth � Consists of an outer bow, an inner bow and a junction. � Outer bow can be : short, medium or long ; and gives attachment to force element � Inner bow is inserted into bucaal tubes on maxillary first molars.

Chin cup � Extra-oral orthopaedic device that covers the chin to restricts forward and downward growth of mandible. � Parts- chin cup, elastic strap, head cap. � 2 types: - occipital pull: anchorage from occipital region of head - vertical pull: anchorage from parietal region of head.

Full clasp( Jackson’s clasp, U clasp) �Introduced by Jackson in 1906 Advantages - simple to construct - offers adequate retention Disadvantages - Inadequate retention in partially erupted teeth.

Adams with single arrow head Indication � Partially erupted tooth which usually is the last erupted molar. � The single arrowhead is made to engage the mesio- proximal undercut of the last erupted molar. � The bridge is modified to encircle the tooth distally and ends on the palatal aspects as a retentive arm.

Beggs wrap around � It consists of a labial wire that extends till the last erupted molar and curves around it to get embedded in acrylic that spans the palate Advantages � There is no cross over wire between the canine and premolar thereby eliminating the risk of space opening up.

Habit breaking appliance with tongue crib Indications �Tongue thrusting habit �Anterior open bite It acts as a reminder

Catlans appliance �Lower anterior inclined plane �Indicated in cross bite � 45 degree angulation Disadvantages: �If used more than 6 weeks can cause open bite due to supra eruption of posteriors �Problems in speech �Dietary restrictions �May need frequent recementation.

Cheek retractor Pull the cheeks away from the mouth and hold them in place to leave the mouth exposed. Use Bonding Photograph

Bonding Materials �Used to bond brackets to tooth �Etchant- 37 % phosphoric acid �Primer �Adhesives

Triangular clasp �Triangular shaped clasps used between two adjacent posterior teeth. �Indication – additional retention.

Fitted labial bow �Wire is adapted to the contours of labial surface �Indication – retainers after completion of fixed orthodontic therapy.

Palatal canine retractor made using 0. 6 mm stainless steel wire. � Consists of a coil of 3 mm diameter , active arm and guide arm. � Helix is placed along axis of canine. � Indication – retraction of palatally placed canine. �

Oral screen � Indications – to intercept mouth breathing habit. � To correct mild anterior proclination. � Used to perform muscle exercises to help in correction of hypotonic lip and cheek muscles.

Activator � Myofunctional appliance � Developed by Viggo Andresen and Karl Haupl. � Planned trimming done to guide teeth � Indication – 1. Class II div 1 malocclusion 2. Class II div 2 malocclusion 3. Class III malocclusion

Australian arch wire �Stainless steel wire. �Developed by A. J. WILCOCK. �Size ranges from 0. 012” to 0. 024”.

Elastic Thread

Elastic Thread �Is made up of a core of latex rubber, surrounded by a sleeve of woven silk �It is used in closure of space �Used in derotation

FR II Functional regulator or Frankels appliance

FR II Functional regulator or Frankels appliance �It is a myofunctional appliance used during growth �It stimulates growth of the mandible �Used for class II div I & div. II correction

OPG

OPG �Enable viewing of both maxillary and mandibular arches with their supporting structures �They can be used to view ankylosed and impacted teeth �To diagnose the presence and extent of pathology and fracture of jaws �Used in mixed dentition period to study the status of unerupted teeth

Anterior Bite Plane

Anterior Bite Plane �Used for the correction of deep bite �Allows supraeruption of posterior teeth and intrusion of lower anteriors �It is modified Hawley’s appliance with a flat ledge of acrylic behind the upper anteriors

Head Gear with Face Bow

Head Gear with Face Bow �Orthopedic appliance �It is used for anchorage augmentation �It is also used in distalization of molar and molar rotation �It is used to restrict downward and forward growth of maxilla

Petit Facemask

Petit Facemask �Orthopedic appliance �Used in patient with growth potential �Used in patients with retrusive maxilla and prognathic mandible �Parts of facemask are chin cup, forehead cap, intraoral appliance, elastics and metal frame

Study Models

Study Models �One of the essential diagnostic aids in orthodontic treatment �Gives three dimensional view of malocclusion �Consists of two parts – artistic(1/3) and anatomic(2/3)

Stainless Steel Wire

Stainless Steel Wire �Made up of 18/8 stainless steel material �Consist if 18% nickel and 8% chromium �Chromium helps in sensitization of steel �Used for making active and retentive components such as springs, labial bows, clasps etc in removable orthodontic appliance

R. M. E

R. M. E �Rapid maxillary expansion or palatal expansion �Use to bring about skeletal expansion of the maxilla �It splints the mid palatal suture