Actuality of the problem Allergy refers to a

Actuality of the problem. • Allergy refers to a category of human disease, the frequency of it has recently sharply increased in almost all countries of the world. Essentially allergy problem is regional.

• In ecologically unfavorable regions allergic morbidity rate reaches 50% or more. Therefore, allergic diseases are of great medical and social significance. • In addition, allergic diseases have regional characteristics that are associated with the climatic characteristics of each region, ethnic features, the nature of nutrition and individual reactivity.

The purpose of the study To study the spreading of allergic diseases and sexage characteristics of patients with these diseases, and social hygienic conditions in Surkhandarya region as well

Objectives of the study: 1. To study the prevalence and epidemiological features of allergic diseases in Surkhandarya region. 2. To set the etiological factors of acute allergic conditions in adults living in Surkhandarya region 3. To identify main risk factors that adversely affect to health of the adult population. 4. To develop a set of measures for reducing of the allergic disease

• Subject of study. The object of the study is patients with allergic diseases. • Research methods. We used the social-epidemiological, mathematical and statistical methods.

• In our Republic by the spreading of allergic diseases leading place takes Surkhandarya region. Incidence of disease increased rapidly. The spreading of allergic diseases by the region in 2014 consisted of 264. 0 and 250. 0 in 2011

• The incidence of allergies unevenly spred among the districts of Surkhandarya region. Especially, the degree of morbidity is more in Kumkurgan, Djarkurgan, Altinsay areas and as in the city of Termez is low in the compare with areas such as field Sariosiya, Uzun and Denau where the degree of incidence is the highest.

The prevalence of allergic diseases (10 000) Region 2011 2012 2013 2014 1 Uzun 153, 7 280, 5 348, 2 392, 8 2 Sariosiyo 337, 4 398, 6 458, 3 412, 5 3 Denau 146, 7 260, 8 328, 7 401, 8 4 Djarkurgan 260, 6 226, 9 271, 3 276, 3 5 Angor 103, 5 105, 3 110, 8 112, 3 6 Kumkurgan 123, 4 125, 8 130, 5 130, 8 7 Bandixon 111, 5 118, 3 116, 5 118, 9 8 Altinsay 121, 2 132, 3 134, 4 135, 3 9 Shurchi 112, 8 120, 4 122, 3 132, 2 10 Baysun 107, 5 110, 2 112, 4 112, 9 11 Termez 121, 2 124, 9 130, 0 132, 7 12 Surkhandaryo region 250, 0 242, 3 263, 4 264, 0 №

• When analyzing the dynamics of general morbidity of allergy in areas of Surkhandarya region, we can see the increasing in incidence in all regions during 2011 -2014. • During the analysis we divided the cities and districts of the region into 3 groups: • Group 1 - the territory at the high spreading of allergic diseases. It include the following areas: Sariosiya, Uzun and Denov. • Group 2 - the territory with an average spreading of allergic diseases. It include the following areas: Kumkurgan, Zharkurgansky and Shurci. • Group 3 - area with the lowest spreading of allergic diseases - Baisun area.

• For determining the frequency of uptake on the adults the card calls of Surkhandarya region were over the past 2 years (2012 -2013). There were 9. 300 registered adults on various HAPs. Among of them there were a more men - 55. 7% that women 44. 3%. • According to our data, the majority of patients - 40. 5% were aged 39 -55 years

Distribution of adults suffering from allergic diseases by age and sex Age Men Women Both sexes % % % 18 -39 13. 8 11, 0 24, 9 39 -55 22, 3 18, 2 40, 5 55 -60 19, 6 15, 0 34, 6 All 55, 7 44, 3 100

The dynamics of grow of challenges adults with allergic disease on 1000 the adult population in Surkhandarya

• In relation to the 1000 adult population. It was found similar results: the number of calls adult about allergic disease on 1000 urban adult population in the last 5 years has increased from 5. 0 (2010) to 7. 4 (2014), which is almost 1. 5 times

• Analysis of the material in relation to the clinical forms of manifestations of allergic diseases showed the following results. It was found that adults with different clinical forms of allergic disease: food allergy, 38. 2%, allergic dermatitis, 17. 1%, 11. 5% allergic- drugs, bronchial astma- 10. 2%, pollen and dust allergic- 10, 1%, 9. 8% Insect allergic.

Clinical forms of allergic disease in adults living in Surkhandarya

• The obtained results of studies conducted in adults of Surkhandarya showed that among the causes of food allergies were essential food allergens (68. 2%). Anamnestic intolerance to cow's milk was detected in 15. 1% of egg protein in 12. 5% of cases. In addition, the worsening of the disease also associated with other foods: beef meat, fish, lemons, vegetables, fruits. A significant proportion of patients (31. 8%) causes allergic reactions remained unclear

Causes of atopic dermatitis № Causal factors % 1. Food 35, 3 2. Drugs 27, 4 3. Poison of stinging insects 6, 3 4. Poison of biting insects 4, 7 5. The reason remains unclear 26, 3 TOTAL 100

• In the study of the causal factors of atopic dermatitis in adults hospitalized with HAP, medical history revealed that 35. 3% of cases the cause of atopic dermatitis is different food allergens, and had a value of drug allergy - 27. 4%, insect allergens (venom of stinging and biting insects) in 11. 0% of cases. In 26. 3% of patients the cause of adult atopic dermatitis remained unclear

• According to our data, allergic reactions to antibiotics were detected in 35. 6% of cases, sulfanilamid drugs 15. 9% serium and therapeutic vaccines - 10. 1% Vitamins - 2. 9%, local anesthetics - 2. 4%. The reason has not been detected in 33. 1% of patients

• As part of a sociological study. It was conducted in 2013 -2014. among the population living in the Surkhandarya region, we analyzed the living conditions, education, treatment and diet, rest, sport and physical activity, bad habits, heredatry, health and medical activity

Distribution of respondents by age

• Respondents in both groups under the age of 30 years consisted of 15%, 30 -39 years - 30%, 40 -49 years, 25%, 50 years and over - 30%

• The essential role is self-assessment of their health. 25. 7% of respondents in the control group rated their health as good, 7. 5% - as bad. In the group of "case", who suffered from allergic diseases, only 6. 8% rated their health as good, and 36. 8% - as bad.

Distribution of simplification with different self -reported health

• It was interest to study of heredatry allergic diseases. Most of the patients surveyed noted that in their relatives or parents the allergic diseases were observed (62. 1%). Healthy, who is also in families or relatives was observed (18. 0%), allergic diseases in varying degrees.

• Level of sanitary culture of many of the respondents was not high enough, not all of the respondents possessed the skills of a healthy lifestyle. Thus, 1. 8% smoked, 8. 0% used alcohol, nearly 2/3 did not adhere to the regime of the day, did not do morning exercises, did folow the rest, do not read newspapers, magazines, literature. The study of the spreading of smoking, depending on family relationships showed that in families with a favorable psychological climate was less smoking.

• Diet, preference for some other dishes, the habit of spicy, salty mainly brought up in families. The study of taste preferences showed that many ate irrationally. So, vegetable dishes preferred only 27. 4% of them, fish and dairy respectively - 5. 0 and 13. 3%. Many respondents had used predominantly carbohydrate foods in the form of flour dishes - (57. 3%). 30. 1% of respondents preferred to meat dishes.

Most respondents had disease which duration of about 10 years or more (33. 6%), 36. 5% - from 5 to 10 years, 20% - from 3 to 5 years, only 9. 9% had up to 3 years.

It was set relatively low medical activity of the respondents. In the group of indicators that determine the health of the family activity, the main proved inattention to their health and the health of family members. The consequence of lack of attention to their health and the health of others is the failure of the doctor's recommendations on health-related behavior, not attending clinics for preventive purposes, delays in seeking medical care for diseases, failure to comply with the doctor's recommendations for the correction of diet, avoiding harmful habits.

CONCLUSIONS • 1. Incidence in region increased rapidly. The spreading of allergic diseases over the region in 2014 consisted of to 264. 0 and 250. 0 in 2011. The incidence of allergies is unevenly distributed among the districts of Surkhandarya region. Especially, the degree of morbidity Kumkurgan, Djarkurgan, Altinsay areas in areas and in the city of Termez is as well low in compared with areas such as regions of Sariosiya, Uzun and Denau where the degree of incidence is the highest.

• 2. Аllergic diseases more likely to suffer in adults aged 39 to 55 years. Among adult patients with allergic pathology dominated in men than women. It was found that adults with different clinical forms of HAPs: food allergy 39. 3%; allergic dermatitis 18. 1%; drug allergy - 12. 5%, BA - 10. 2%; pollen and dust allergies 10. 1%; insect allergens 9. 8%. • 3. For allergic diseases are more important factors such as: the place where they live, family history, diet, adverse psychological climate in the family, poor housing conditions, poor health factors activity.

PRACTICAL recomending • 1. In order to systematically monitoring its important to observe health people living in areas adjacent to the Tajik aluminum plant, early detection of disease and decision adekvatn sanitarian hygiene and preventive measures recommending caring comprehensive medical examination every 3 years.

• In rural medical centers in the communities among pupils, teachers and parents living in contaminated areas fluorides its important to conduct health education about the need for individual prevention of allergic diseases, rational balanced diet (especially children and pregnant women) with a full content of protein, vitamins C, A, B, calcium and phosphorus, and magnesium and iron as well.

Thank you for attention!