Active Voice Passive Voice Reflexive Voice Simple Action

Active Voice Passive Voice Reflexive Voice Simple Action Intensive Action Causative Action Qal Piel Hiphil “He killed” “He murdered” “He caused to murder” Niphal Pual Hophal “He was killed” “He was murdered” Hithpael “He killed himself” “He was caused to murder”

Active Voice Simple Action Intensive Action Causative Action Qal Piel Hiphil lq; “He murdered” “He caused to murder” Niphal Pual Hophal Passive Voice “He was killed” “He was murdered” Reflexive Voice lq; Hithpael “Swift” “He killed himself” “He was caused to murder”

Active Voice Passive Voice Reflexive Voice Simple Action Intensive Action Causative Action Qal Piel Hiphil lq; “He murdered” “He caused to murder” Niphal Pual Hophal l[; p. n. I “He was murdered” l[; P' Hithpael “To do” “He killed himself” “He was caused to murder”

Active Voice Passive Voice Reflexive Voice Simple Action Intensive Action Causative Action Qal Piel Hiphil lq; l[e. Pi “He caused to murder” Niphal Pual Hophal l[; p. n. I “He was murdered” Hithpael “He killed himself” “He was caused to murder”

Active Voice Passive Voice Reflexive Voice Simple Action Intensive Action Causative Action Qal Piel Hiphil lq; l[e. Pi “He caused to murder” Niphal Pual Hophal l[; p. n. I l[; Pu “He was caused to murder” Hithpael “He killed himself”

Active Voice Passive Voice Reflexive Voice Simple Action Intensive Action Causative Action Qal lq; Piel Hiphil l[e. Pi ly[ip. hi Niphal Pual Hophal l[; p. n. I l[; Pu “He was caused to murder” Hithpael “He killed himself”

Active Voice Passive Voice Reflexive Voice Simple Action Intensive Action Causative Action Qal lq; Piel Hiphil l[e. Pi ly[ip. hi Niphal Pual Hophal l[; p. n. I l[; Pu l[; p. h' Hithpael “He killed himself”

Active Voice Passive Voice Reflexive Voice Simple Action Intensive Action Causative Action Qal lq; Piel Hiphil l[e. Pi ly[ip. hi Niphal Pual Hophal l[; p. n. I l[; Pu l[; p. h' Hithpael l[e. P; t. hi

Active Voice Passive Voice Reflexive Voice Simple Action Intensive Action Causative Action Qal lj; q' Piel Hiphil l. Jeqi lyjiq. hi Niphal Pual Hophal lj; q. n. I l. Jequ lj; q. h' Hithpael l. Jeq; t. hi

Singular lj; q' hl'j. q' T'l. j; q' T. l. j; q' y. Til. j; q' Plural lj; q. n. I Wlj. q' hl'j. q. n. I T'l. j; q. n ~T, l. j; q. I !T, l. j; q. T. l. j; q. n. I y. Til. j; q. Wnl. j; q' Wlj. q. ni ~T, l. j; q. n I !T, l. j; q. n. I Wnl. j; q.

• Passive For they may say, “The LORD has not appeared to you. ” (Exodus 4: 1). hw"hy> ^yl, ae ha'r>n. I-al{ Wrm. ay. O y. Ki the Lord to you was seen not they will say For

• Passive …and I appeared to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, as God Almighty, but by My name, LORD, I did not make Myself known to them (Exodus 6: 3). ~h, l' y. Ti[. d: An al{ hw"hy> ymiv. W to them I was known not the Lord But my name

• Passive And it was told Joshua, saying, “The five kings have been found hidden in the cave at Makkedah. ” (Joshua 10: 17). tv, mex] Wac. m. n. I rmoale [: vu. Ahyli d. G: YUw: hd"Qem; B. hr"['M. B; ~yai. B. x. n< five in Makkedah they were found In a cave saying they were hidden to Joshua And it was announced ~ykil'M. h; the kings

• Passive • Reflexive Those who were full hire themselves out for bread (1 Samuel 2: 5). Wr. K'f. n. I ~x, L, B; ~y[ibef. hire themselves in bread Filled ones

• Passive • Reflexive • Reciprocal He built an altar there, and called the place El-bethel, because there God had revealed Himself to him when he fled from his brother (Genesis 35: 7).

• Passive • Reflexive • Reciprocal lae ~Aq. M'l; ar"q. YIw: x: Bez>mi ~v' !b, YIw: ~yhil{a/h' wyl'ae Wlg>n. I ~v' y. Ki lae-ty. Be God to the place to him And he called an altar there he there because manifested himself And he built house of God

Some words will appear almost exclusively in the Niphal Stem ~x; l' B To fight ~x; l. n. IB He fought (Niphal perfect) Wmx]l. B They fought (Niphal perfect) n. I

Some words will appear almost exclusively in the Niphal Stem [b; v' B To swear [B; v. n. IB He swore (Niphal perfect) W[B. v. B They swore (Niphal perfect) n. I

Some words will appear almost exclusively in the Niphal Stem ab'n" B To prophesy a. B'n. I B He prophesied (Niphal perfect) Wa. B. n. IB They prophesied (Niphal perfect)

Some words will appear almost exclusively in the Niphal Stem In these cases, the passive characteristic of the Niphal will be absent.

lj; q' B Qal Perfect 3 ms lj; q. n. I B Niphal Perfect lj'q. n. I B Niphal Participle ms lw. Ojq. n. IB Niphal infinitive absolute

In some cases, the nun is assimilated and seen only in the Daghesh Forte in the first root consonant lje. Q'y. I B Niphal Imperfect 3 ms lje. Q'hi B Niphal imperative ms lw. Oj. Q'hi. B Niphal Infinitive Absolute (alternate form)

Qal 3 ms 3 fs 2 ms 2 fs 1 cs Niphal ljoq. y. I lje. Q'y. I He will be killed ljoq. Ti lje. Q'Ti She will be killed ljoq. Ti lje. Q'Ti You will be killed ylij. q. Ti ylije. Q'Ti You will be killed ljoq. a, lje. Q'a, I will be killed

Qal Niphal Wlj. q. y. I Wlj. Q'y. I They will be killed hn'l. j; Q' 3 fp hn"l. joq. T They will be killed Ti i Wlj. q. Ti Wlj. Q'Ti You will be killed 2 mp hn"l. j; Q' hn"l. joq. T 2 fp You will be killed Ti i ljoq. n. I lje. Q'n. I We will be killed 1 cp 3 mp

Qal Imperative ljoq. ylij. qi 2 fs 2 mp Wlj. qi 2 fp hn"l. joq. 2 ms Niphal Imperative lje. Q'hi ylij. Q'hi Wlij. Q'hi hn"l. j; Q' hi Be killed!

Niphal Infinitive Construct lje. Q'hi Looks exactly like the Niphal Imperative 2 ms • Infinitive construct normally has a prefix • Imperative is normally seen at the beginning of a sentence

Niphal Infinitive Construct lje. Q'hi Looks exactly like the Niphal Imperative 2 ms Niphal Infinitive Absolute Qal Infinitive Absolute lw. Ojq. n lw. Ojq' lw. Oj. Q' I hi

Qal Participle ljeqo tl, j, qo fs mp ~ylij. qo fp tw. Olj. qo ms Niphal Participle lj'q. n. I tl, j, q. n. I ~ylij'q. n. I tw. Olj'q. n I Being killed

!m; a' To believe, trust !m, a'y (Niphal) To be. E reliable, faithful, trustworthy !mea' B Truly

!m; a' AL h'b, v. x. Y: w: hw"hy. B; !mia/h, w> bv; x' hq'd"c. to him And he reckoned it (imperfect of ) in the Lord And he believed righteousness

!m; a' ytiy. Be-lk'B. hv, mo y. DIb. [; !ke-al{ my house in all Moses my servant so Not a. Wh !m'a/n< He (is) he is faithful

!m; a' But I will raise up for Myself a faithful priest… (1 Samuel 2: 35) !m'a/n< !he. Ko Niphal participle

!m; a' [b; v'rae. B. -d[; w> !D"mi laer"f. y. I-l. K' [d: YEw: hw"hyl; aybin"l. lae. Wmv. !m'a/n< y. Ki Beershaba for the Lord and toward to prophet from Dan Israel Samuel all faithful And he knew that

!m; a' The law of the LORD is perfect, restoring the soul; The testimony of the LORD is sure, making wise the simple (Psalm 19: 7). vp, n" tb; yvim. hm'ymi. T. hw"hy> tr: AT yti. P, tm; y. Kix. m; hn"m'a/n< hw"hy> t. Wd[e the soul the naive turning making wise (Hiphil) perfect trustworthy (of) the Lord Law testimony

!m; a' Incline your ear and come to Me. Listen, that you may live; And I will make an everlasting covenant with you, According to the faithful mercies shown to David (Isaiah 55: 3). ~yn. Im'a/N<h; dw. Id" yd. Es. x; (Niph Participle)

[v; y" To save (not used in the Qal stem) [v; An (Niphal) To be saved

[v; y" Blessed are you, O Israel; Who is like you, a people saved by the LORD (Deut 33: 29). ~[; ^Amk' ymi laer"f. y. I ^yr<v. a; people (is) like you Who Israel Happy are you hw"hy. B; [v; An in the Lord saved

rt; y" Remain, leave behind (not used in Qal Stem) rte. W"y (Niphal) To be Ileft over, remain

rt; y" qbea'YEw: ADb; l. bqo[]y: rte. W"YIw: rx; V'h; t. Al[] d[; AM[i vyai and he wrestled (of) the dawn to (be) alone him going up Jacob until Genesis 32: 25 with him And he remained a man

!WK To establish (not in the Qal) !Akn" (Niphal participle) being established, steadfast, ready

!WK ~l'A[-d[; ^T. k. l; m. m; W ^t. y. Be !m; a. n<w> ~l'A[-d[; !Akn" hy<h. y. I ^a]s. Ki ^yn<p'l. eternity until your house And shall be faithful and your kingdom established will be your throne 2 Samuel 7: 16 before you

!WK ~yhil{a/ yli-ar"B. r. Ahj' ble God for me Create! Heart pure y. Bir>qi. B. v. DEx; !Akn" x: Wrw> in my inner part Renew! ready Psalm 51: 12 and a spirit

~x; l' To eat (Qal very rare) ~x; l. n. I (Niphal) to fight hm'x'l. mi. B A battle

~x; l' ~x; l. n. Iw> %ley. E ^D>b. [; h. Z<h; y. Tiv. li. P. h; -~[i and he will fight this he will go Your servant the Philistine 1 Samuel 17: 32 b with

jl; m' To escape (not used in Qal) jl; m. n. I (Niphal) to escape jl; m. n. I d. Whaew> And Ehud escaped (Judges 3: 26)

jl; m' He who trusts in his own heart is a fool, But he who walks wisely will be delivered (Psalm 28: 26). lysik. a. Wh ABli. B. x: je. AB foolish (of) him in his heart The one trusting jle. M'y. I a. Wh hm'k. x'B. %le. Ahw> he will escape (of) him in the wisdom And the one walking

~x; n" To be sorry; repent (not used in Qal) ~x'n. I (Niphal) to be sorry, repent ~x; n. I (Piel) to comfort

~x; n" l. Wav'-ta, %ylim. hi-y. Ki ~x'n. I hw"hyw: laer"f. y. I-l[; Saul He caused because He to be king repented (Hiphil) Israel And the Lord over

~x; n" ~x'n<t. y. Iw> ~d"a'-!b, W b. ZEk; yw. I lae vyai al{ and to repent (of) man And son and to lie God a man Not r. B, d. Iw> hf, []y: al{w> rm; a' a. Whh; h. N"m, yqiy> al{w> and he spoke he will do? and not He said he will raise (hiphil) If he? and not

hk'n" To strike (not used in Qal & only once in Niphal) h. K'hi To strike (Hiphil)

hk'n" And the LORD appointed a sign for Cain, so that no one finding him would slay him (Genesis 4: 15).

hk'n" Now it came about in those days, when Moses had grown up, that he went out to his brethren and looked on their hard labors; and he saw an Egyptian beating a Hebrew, one of his brethren (Exodus 2: 11).

hk'n" So he looked this way and that, and when he saw there was no one around, he struck down the Egyptian and him in the sand. (Exodus 2: 12).

hk'n" “Behold, I will stand before you there on the rock at Horeb; and you shall strike the rock, and water will come out of it, that the people may drink. ” And Moses did so in the sight of the elders of Israel (Exodus 17: 6)

bc; n" To stand (not used in Qal) To stand (Niphall)

bc; n" He had a dream, and behold, a ladder was set on the earth with its top reaching to heaven; and behold, the angels of God were ascending and descending on it (Genesis 28: 12).

bc; n" And behold, the LORD stood above it and said, “I am the LORD, the God of your father Abraham and the God of Isaac; the land on which you lie, I will give it to you and to your descendants” (Genesis 28: 13).

yn. Ia] rm; a. YOw: yl'[' b. C'n. I hw"hy> h. NEhiw> ^ybia' ~h'r"b. a; yhel{a/ hw"hy> h. T'a; rv, a] #r<a'h' qx'c. y. I yhel{aw. E ^[, r>z: l. W h. N"n<T. a, ^l. h'yl, [' bkevo I and saying your father you and to your seed above it standing God (of) Abraham which The land I will give the Lord (of) Isaac to you Behold! on and God (are) lying

lc; n" To rescue, deliver, take (not used in Qal) Be rescued, be delivered (Niphall)

lc; n" laeyn. IP. ~Aq. M'h; ~ve bqo[]y: ar"q. YIw: ~yn. IP'-la, ~yn. IP' ~yhil{a/ ytiyair"-y. Ki Peniel face the place to face name Jacob God And he called I saw because yvip. n: lce. N"Tiw: my soul and she was delivered

rt; s' To hide (not used in Qal) r. T's. n. I Be hidden (Niphal) rt, se B Hiding place

rt; s' Behold, You have driven me this day from the face of the ground; and from Your face I shall be hidden (Genesis 4: 14).

rt; s' Then Moses hid his face, for he was afraid to look at God (Exodus 3: 6).

rt; s' Hide Your face from my sins And blot out all my iniquities (Psalm 51: 9).

al'P' Be wonderful (not used in Qal) ale. P'y. I To be wonderful (Niphal) al, P, B Wonderful (noun)

al'P' Is anything too difficult for the LORD? At the appointed time I will return to you, at this time next year, and Sarah will have a son (Genesis 18: 14).

al'P' For You are great and do wondrous deeds; You alone are God (Psalm 86: 10).

#Wr To run (Not used in the Niphal)

tx; v' To ruin, destroy, spoil, annihilate (Not used in the Qal)

tx; v' ~yhil{a/h' yn. Ep. li #r<a'h' txe. V'Tiw: sm'x' #r<a'h' ale. M'Tiw: God before the face of (with) violence the earth She was ruined (Niphal) And she was filled (niphal)

tx; v' For You will not abandon my soul to Sheol; Nor will You allow Your Holy One to undergo decay [noun form] (Psalm 16: 10).

tx; v' Then after the sixty-two weeks the Messiah will be cut off and have nothing, and the people of the prince who is to come will destroy the city and the sanctuary (Daniel 9: 26 a).

dm; v' To destroy (Not used in the Qal) Niphal: To be destroyed

dm; v' dme. V'y. I ~y[iv'r> ty. Be Will be destroyed (of) wicked ones House x; yr. Ip. y: ~yr. Iv'y> lh, aow> will sprout (of) straight ones but the tent