Active Transport vs Passive Transport Passive Transport Goes

Active Transport vs. Passive Transport

Passive Transport Goes with the flow … with the gradient…. HIGH to LOW NO Energy needed

• Concentration: amount of a particular substance in a given volume • concentration gradient when one area has a higher concentration than another area does, a exists. NO!!!! It’s too crowded… get out!

• Equilibrium is a state in which a system remains unchanged over time. A space is filled evenly, equilibrium is reached. A High to low until equilibrium reached B • Passive transport movement across a membrane without the use of energy (ATP).

1)Diffusion Modes of Passive Transport 3) Osmosis 2) Facilitated Diffusion Cacaused by: temp, pressure, concentration Only sm particles squeeze through the diffusion of water … through channel proteins

Types of Osmotic Solutions • Isotonic • Hypertonic

Isotonic Same size Plant Cell Blood Cell 11, 397 x

Hypotonic Swell… burst Plant Cell Blood Cell 13, 000 x

Hypertonic shrivels Plant Cell Blood Cell 13, 000 x

• Some unicellular eukaryotes have contractile vacuoles, which collect excess water inside the cell and force the water out of the cell. • Animal cells have neither cell walls nor contractile vacuoles. • Many animal cells can avoid swelling caused by osmosis by actively removing solutes from the cytoplasm.

Active Transport Against the gradient…. LOW to HIGH Requires Energy … ATP

3 sodium ions go OUT 2 Potassium ions go IN Is an impt carrier proteins in animal cells • prevents Na+ from building up in the cell, • thus preventing osmosis into the cell. (Na+/K+ ATPase Pump) 2) vessicles 1)sodium-potassium pump Modes of Active Transport Too big to use carrier proteins … use these sacs … Endocytosis takes stuff IN Exocytosis takes stuff OUT

Sodium Potassium pump

Endocytosis/Exocytosis … same thing…just EXITS. . er uh… takes it to outside of cell