Active and passive voice inn a trpn rod
- Slides: 14
Active and passive voice Činný a trpný rod, alebo Aktív a Pasív Tvorenie a použitie Ihr Logo
A sad story… p Last week I found a great apartment. The rent was reasonable. That’s why… Page 2 Your Logo
I decided to throw a party the other night. Page 3 Your Logo
The next day I was thrown out of it! Page 4 Your Logo
Active or passive – aktív alebo pasív p I threw a party the other night. (aktív) význam: I did something. – Niečo som urobil. q I was thrown out of it. (pasív) význam: Something was done to me. – Niečo mi bolo urobené, niečo sa mi stalo. Page 5 Your Logo
Form – tvar: p pasív sa tvorí pomocou slovesa to be - byť (vo príslušnom čase) + minulé príčastie (plnovýznamového slovesa) q The terrorist was arrested early this morning. /bol zatknutý/ q Toyota cars are made in Japan. /sú vyrábané/ q A new class representative will be chosen on Monday. /bude vybratý/ NB Tieto príklady ukazujú, že pasív /trpný rod/ môže byť použitý v ktoromkoľvek čase. Rozhodujúce je sloveso „byť“! V akom čase sa toto sloveso použije, v takom čase je celá trpná veta. Page 6 Your Logo
Let’s review the verb to be – zopakujme si sloveso byť: p The Present Simple Tense – prít. jednod. – AM, IS, ARE p The Present Perfect Tense – predprít. – HAVE BEEN, HAS BEEN p The Past Simple Tense – minulý jednod. – WAS, WERE p The Future Tense – budúci s will – WILL BE Page 7 Your Logo
Do these sentences have the same meaning? – majú tieto vety rovnaký význam? p What’s the difference? – Aký je rozdiel? Page 8 Your Logo
Use – použitie: p Pasív sa častejšie používa v písomnom styku. Znie viac formálne a neosobne, preto sa často využíva v: oznamoch o zločinoch, právnych dokumentoch – He was sentenced to two years in prison. § § novinových článkoch – The match was postponed due to a heavy fog. § vedeckých článkoch – Three millilitres of water are added to the mixture. rôznych vyhláseniach – Flight BA 302 to London is delayed by two hours. § § Page 9 upozorneniach – Customers are requested not to smoke. Your Logo
Use – použitie: p V každodenných situáciách ho používame, keď nevieme, alebo nás nezaujíma, kto je činiteľom deja. Inými slovami, v situáciách, keď sa viac zaujímame o to „ČO SA STALO“ a nie „KTO TO UROBIL“. p A predsa nie je nezvyčajné spomenúť „činiteľa“ v pasívnej vete. V tomto prípade ho spomíname na konci vety po predložke „BY“: q “Great expectations” was written by Charles Dickens. q “Star wars” was directed by George Lucas. Page 10 Your Logo
Practice – cvičenie: p Put the verbs in brackets into the correct passive form – Daj sloveso v zátvorke do správneho pasívneho tvaru: § Shampoo _____ (test) on animals before it ______ (sell) in shops. § This house _____ (build) in the XIX century. § Two missing children _______ (find) safe and well. § A new bridge ______ (construct) next year. Page 11 Your Logo
Practice – the key / kľúč p Put the verbs in brackets into the correct passive form § Shampoo is tested (test) on animals before it is sold (sell) in shops. § This house was built (build) in the XIX century. § Two missing children have been found (find) safe and well. § A new bridge will be constructed (construct) next year. Page 12 Your Logo
Active → Passive – aktív → pasív, krok za krokom Príklad: (aktív) The postman delivers the letters at 09. 00. Krok 1 – identifikuj predmet v aktívnej vete a daj ho na začiatok pasívnej vety. (the letters) Krok 2 – identifikuj gramatický čas slovesa v aktívnej vete a daj sloveso „byť“ do rovnakého času. (are) Krok 3 – premeň plnovýznamové sloveso do tvaru minulého príčastia. (delivered) (pasív) Page 13 The letters are delivered at 09. 00. Your Logo
Thanks for your attention! Page 14 Your Logo
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- Passive voice cvičenia
- Turn these sentences into the passive
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- Louise made the chocolate cake.