Acquired Immunity Acquired Immunity Defending against a specific

Acquired Immunity

Acquired Immunity • Defending against a specific pathogen/antigen by gradually building up a resistance.

How we acquire immunity? • Each of your cells contain antigens (markers letting your body know those cells belong to you), when foreign antigens enter your body, your immune system ATTACKS and builds specific antibodies!!! • Antibodies are specific markers for a pathogen • this way your body remembers a pathogen • The body will be ready the next time the pathogen strikes!

The Lymphatic System The lymphatic system regulates bodily fluids, and includes: – – – Bone marrow Tonsils Thymus gland Spleen Lymph nodes

Antibody Immunity • If an infection is not controlled by the innate immune If an infection is not controlled by the innate response immune then response your then your body builds immunity. body builds This may take up to a week, or longer. • It involves TWO immunity. immune responses • This may take up to a – Antibody Immunity week, or longer. – Cellular Immunity

Antibody Immunity 1. Antigens from the pathogen are displayed in the surface of the macrophage. This stimulates the helper T cell.

Antibody Immunity 2. Helper T-Cells cause BCells to create antibodies.

Antibody Immunity 3. B-Cells produce thousands of antibodies & memory Bcells which remain in the blood in case of future invasions. Memory B cell

Cellular Immunity 1. Antigens from the pathogen are displayed in the surface of the macrophage. 2. This stimulates helper T-cells. 3. Helper T-cells stimulate killer Tcells.

Passive Immunity • Passive: antibodies are formed after exposure to a pathogen. Artificial Passive: immunity is when person is injected with antibodies from an animal or other human that is immune. • Ex: Snake bite victim is given antibodies made in another animal, such as a horse.

Passive Immunity • Passive Natural Immunity: transferred from mother to child

Active Immunity • Immunity induced artificially using vaccines. • Vaccines consist of weakened, dead, or incomplete pathogens. • Vaccines initiate (start) immune response.