通用流程 C: 循環 (circulation) n 建立靜脈注射 n 急救藥物 – VF/VT: Vasopression OR Epinephrine – Non-VF/VT: Epinephrine D: 電擊去顫 (defibrillation) n Drug-Shock-Drug-Shock
Special Resuscitation Hypothermia(低體溫)
Special Resuscitation Near-Drowing(溺水)
定義 Drowing 溺斃 n Near-drowing 溺水 n
Special Resuscitation Electric Shock (電擊傷害)
Special Resuscitation 與外傷有關之心臟停止
Special Resuscitation Pregnancy and cardiac arrest (孕婦之心跳停止)
Special Resuscitation Acute Stroke (Brain Attack)
Management : 7 D --NINDS(National Institude of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) 1. Detection(早期發現) 2. Dispatch(迅速派遣: 119) 3. Delivery(迅速運送至適當之醫院) 4. Door (迅速檢傷) 5. Data(NE與CT) 6. Decision(會診神內/神外) 7. Drug(TPA: <3 h)
7 D:Drug n 血栓溶解劑 – 只有TPA是FDA許可的 n 劑量: – 0. 9 mg/kg, maximum 90 mg – 10% as bolus, 90% over 60 min
缺血性中風血壓之控制 n 不宜接受TPA治療者 – DBP>140 mm. Hg » Nipride – SBP>220 mm. Hg, DBP>120 mm. Hg, MAP>130 mm. Hg » Trandate – 其他需治療之高血壓 » DAA, AMI, CHF, HE
古椅鹼:VF Shock-shock (200 -360 J) n CPR + Intubation n Epinephrine 1 mg and shock (360 J) n Lidocaine 1. 5 mg/kg and shock (360 J) n Propranolol 1 mg q 1 min and shock n Epinephrine 1 mg q 5 -10 min and shock n 避免重複使用lidocaine n
古柯鹼:高血壓危險 Benzodiazepine(Valium) n NTG(esp. if chest pain) n Nitroprusside n Alpha-blocker:phentolamine(1 -10 mg) n Labetolol(Trandate) n 避免單獨使用propranolol or esmolol(可 引起血壓更高) n
毛地黃中毒:誘因 Hypokalemia n Hypomagnesemia n Drug interaction n Hypoxemia n Hypothyroidism n Renal insufficiency n Volume depletion n Loss of muscle mass n