Access to Knowledge and Technologies IP and Strategies

Access to Knowledge and Technologies, IP and Strategies for Green Technologies WIPO ASIA-PACIFIC CONFERENCE ON NATIONAL IP STRATEGIES FOR DEVELOPMENT; Manila, October 2009 ron marchant CB FRSA

Outline • Context • Role of Knowledge and Technology • Strategies – Access to “free use” technologies – Incentives • IP based • Other • Conclusions ron marchant CB FRSA

Context 1 ron marchant CB FRSA From IPCC

Context 2 ron marchant CB FRSA From IPCC

Context 3 ron marchant CB FRSA From IPCC

Role of Knowledge and Technology • Mitigation • Adaptation – Civil engineering – Transport – Energy supply and use • Private • Industry – Waste management – Agriculture – Forestry – – – ron marchant CB FRSA Stern Report Water resources Coastal defences Agriculture Healthcare Biodiversity

Strategies 1 • • • Out of Patent Non-patented Better use of patent documentation Better use of non-patent documentation Technology transfer and sustainability – International Agencies – Government – Private Sector ron marchant CB FRSA

Strategies 2 • IP based incentives – Advantages • Devolves decision • Protects investment • Protects commercialisation – Disadvantages • Monopoly pricing • Inhibit further innovation • Imbalance – – – – Developed/developing – Local SME/multinational; ron marchant CB FRSA Lower fees Fast-track processing Expand patentability Encourage licensing Compulsory licensing Patent pooling

Strategies 3 • Non IP based – Grants – Publicly funded research – Tax breaks – Tax pollution • Non IP based – Prizes • • Mc. Cain’s auto prize The L prize Saltire prize Progressive Insurance Automotive prize • Virgin Earth Challenge • Grainger Challenge ron marchant CB FRSA From Manging Intellectual Property

Conclusions • Avoid re-run of academic patent/antipatent debate • Look at ideas from access to medicines debate • Prize + licence of right • Standards and pooling • Compulsory licensing ron marchant CB FRSA