Absolutism Ch 7 Section 3 4 Absolutism Absolutism

Absolutism Ch 7 Section 3 -4

Absolutism • Absolutism – a system in which a ruler holds total power • Divine right of kings • Increase the power of the monarch in response to the turmoil in Europe • King Louis XIV of France is the best example of absolutism

King Louis XIV • 1643 – Came to the throne at the age of 4 • Cardinal Mazarin – the chief minister – took control of the govt. until Louis XIV grew up • Mazarin dies in 1661 – Louis XIV comes to power at the age of 23 • Louis XIV expresses his desire to be the sole ruler of France • Absolute power!! • He b/c known as the Sun King – the source of light for all of his people

Louis Keeps Control • Louis XIV palace was called Versailles • Versailles served several purposes… • The personal household of the king • The chief offices of the state – so Louis XIV could watch over them • A place where Louis XIV could bring powerful nobles and royal princes to keep them busy with court life and out of politics • 1715 – King Louis XIV died • He left France w/ great debt and many enemies

Russia’s Ruler • 16 th Century – Ivan IV b/c the first ruler to take the title of czar – Russian word for Caesar • Ivan IV… • Expanded territories for Russia • Absolutism – crushed the power of Russian nobility • Known as Ivan the Terrible b/c of his ruthless deeds

A New Czar • 1598 – Ivan’s dynasty ends and bring a period of anarchy (chaos) • Time of Troubles – lack of formal govt. • In 1613 Michael Romanov was chosen to be the new czar • The Romanov dynasty lasted until 1917

Peter the Great • 1689 – Peter the Great b/c czar • Part of the Romanov dynasty • An absolute monarch – claimed the divine right to rule • Under Peter the Great Russia b/c… • A great military power • Westernized (Europeanized) • Upper class women stopped covering their faces and b/g to mingle in society

Mannerism • Mannerism – art that reflected the new environment brought on by the Reformation’s revival of religious values • Brings an end to Renaissance art • Rules of proportion were deliberately ignored • Elongated figures were used to show suffering, heightened emotions, and religious ecstasy

The Baroque Period • The Baroque mvmt replaced Mannerism • Baroque artist tried to bring together… • Classical ideals of Renaissance art w/ the spiritual feelings of the Reformation • Baroque was known for… • Use of dramatic effects to arouse emotions

Elizabethan Literature • Literature mvmt that took place in England • Called the Elizabethan Era b/c it took place w/i the reign of Queen Elizabeth • William Shakespeare • Wrote dramas for the stage • Viewed as a universal genius • Remarkable understanding of the human condition