ABP Brainstorming on the Ion Chain Many projects

ABP Brainstorming on the Ion Chain • Many projects at CERN are very dependent on pushing the beam boundaries in our accelerators. • Occasionally it can be a good idea to take a step back, and also consult other experts in our group. • Today is an opportunity to do this: • Short presentations. • Time for discussion. • A summary of the main points made. 1

PS Ion Injector – Project Goal What is the baseline goal of Linac 3 - LEIR in LIU-Ions? Achieved 2015 LIU-Ions Baseline Ions Before RF Capture 7. 8 x 108 /bunch 9. 3 x 108 /bunch Ions At Extraction 6. 0 x 108 /bunch 7. 4 x 108 /bunch # Injections 7 @ 200 ms 13 @ 100 ms Ions At LHC Injection - 1. 7 x 108 /bunch LS 2 Xe LS 3 HL-LHC installation 2

Boundary Conditions for the ion luminosity requirements in LHC Most recent calendar shared with HL-LHC • • • 2016 – Pb+p 2017 – No LHC ion run (Xe to experiment NA 61) 2018 – Pb+Pb LIU Ion project hardware installation completed 2019/2020 – LS 2 2021 - Pb-Pb Commissioning and full production run 1 st year after LS 2 2022 - Pb-Pb 2023 - pp reference run 4 years without ions – run L 3 and LEIR in 2026 for training? 2024, 2025. 6 - LS 3 2027 - Pb-Pb 2028 - ½ Pb-Pb + ½ p-Pb 2029 - Pb-Pb 2030 LS 4 3

Ion Beam Scheme L E I R P S max. 13 injections 200 ns 100 ns S P S L H C Twice 7. 4 x 108 ions/bunch PS – Intermediate flat top splitting 150 ns ~2μs 50 ns spacing 1. 7 108 ions/bunch @ injection 50 ns spacing 4

LIU Baseline Ion Intensities in the chain Ion intensity (ions per bunch) through the chain (LEIR -> LHC) More at LEIR injection, PS splitting and 2015 losses included. Splitting 5

Measured Emittance Growth in the Chain 6

What are the questions Can we find bottlenecks? Can we overcome them cheaply? 7