Abolitionist Sentiment Grows Abolitionist Sentiment Grows An Overview

Abolitionist Sentiment Grows

Abolitionist Sentiment Grows: An Overview As the cotton industry grew and slavery became more prevalent, the number of abolitionists fighting to end slavery began to grow. The first solution to slavery was the colonization of free slaves. They planned to take them back to Africa to start a sort of haven for free slaves. The idea was that "slaves were brought to America involuntarily. Why not give them a chance to enjoy life as though such a forced migration had never taken place? " This plan created the nation of Liberia. Many slaves did not like this idea because they believed that they had helped build the country, so why couldn't they live as free citizens? By the end of the 1820 s, a full blown abolitionist movement had begun. Anti-Slavery societies had existed since 1775, but the ones of the 19 th century were much more radical. After the North had flooded the Congress and the states with petitions to end slavery, President Andrew Jackson passed a "gag rule" preventing the House of Representatives from talking about bills that meant to end slavery.

William Lloyd Garrison and The Liberator Garrison was a writer and editor who became an abolitionist at the age of 25 At first, he was a supporter of the American Colonization Society, an organization that believed that free blacks should emigrate back to Africa By 1830 he had rejected the programs of the American Colonization Society and the following year he published the first issue of his anti-slavery newspaper, The Liberator Garrison consistently advocated for the immediate emancipation of all slaves which was an extremely unpopular opinion in the 1830’s EVEN with northerners who were against slavery The Liberator accumulated 400 subscriptions by its 2 nd year and Garrison soon became known as one of the most radical abolitionist He helped organize the New-England Anti-Slavery Society and the American Anti-Slavery society

William Lloyd Garrison The Liberator Newspaper Frederick Douglass

African-American Abolitionists Frederick Douglass, born Frederick Bailey, fled from his master in Baltimore to New Bedford, Massachusetts. When he arrived, he changed his last name to Douglass and joined the abolitionist group led by William Lloyd Garrison. Nat Turner was an African-American slave who led an effective slave rebellion in August of 183. He and about 40 other slaves spread terror through the south by killing over 55 white people. William Still was a free-born slave who became a writer and abolitionist during the antebellum period. He was also a conductor of the Underground Railroad and one of the most successful Black businessman in history of the city of Philadelphia. Isabella Baumfree who was better known by her self-given name Sojourner Truth was a slave-born woman who dictated her life to being an abolitionist and women's rights activist.

"Old as the everlasting hills; immovable as the throne of God; and certain as the purposes of eternal power, against all hindrances, and against all delays, and despite all the mutations of human instrumentalities, it is the faith of my soul that this…cause will triumph. " - Frederick Douglass "Good communication is the bridge between confusion and clarity. " -Nat Turner "Life is a hard battle anyway. If we laugh and sing a little as we fight the good fight of freedom, it makes it all go easier. I will not allow my life's light to be determined by the darkness around me. " -Sojourner Truth "The heroism and desperate struggle that many of our people had to endure should be kept green in the memory of this and coming generations. " -William Still

The Underground Railroad originated in the 18 th century. The Underground Railroad was a huge network of people that helped African-Americans escape slavery in the South. Some of the most notable "conductors" of the Underground Railroad included: Harriet Tubman, Levi Coffin, John Fairfield, and many more. Harriet Tubman, born into slavery, escaped and became one of the time's leading abolitionists and Underground Railroad "conductors". After being freed, Harriet Tubman mad a total of 14 trips to the south to free slaves. Levi Coffin who lived in Newport, Indiana in 1826, discovered he lived on a route of the Underground Railroad. His home became a major stop for escapees. By the end, he has assisted over 3, 000 people escape slavery and became the so-called "President of the Underground Railroad". John Fairfield, born into a slaveholding family, had a hatred for slavery. After helping a friend escape to Canada, he had many other people ask him to help them or the family members or friends escape to the North. The number of slaves freed by the Underground Railroad is unknown.

Levi Coffin Harriet Tubman John Fairfield Map of the Underground Railroad

Quotes From Modern Historians " In the years before the Civil War, former slaves gave abolition its most potent issue, the fugitive slave controversy, and its most dynamic exponents, fugitive slave abolitionists. Nothing united the different factions of the movement better than the fugitive slave’s desperate bid for freedom. " -Dr. Manisha Sinha " The two dominant characters are William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglass in part because they both in their day and today are the best known abolitionists and the most important " -John Stauffer

Review Questions 1. Anti-slavery societies have existed for how long? a. 300 years. b. 450 years c. about 240 years 2. After the North had flooded the Congress and the states with petitions to end slavery, President Andrew Jackson passed what preventing the House of Representatives from talking about bills that meant to end slavery? a. a "gag rule" b. a law c. an amendment 3. By 1830 William Lloyd Garrison had rejected the programs of the American Colonization Society and the following year he published the first issue of his anti-slavery newspaper. What was the name of his paper? a. The New York Times b. The Emancipator c. The Liberator

4. What famous abolitionist joined Garrison's abolitionist group? a. Harriet Tubman b. Frederick Douglas c. Nat Turner 5. Frederick Douglass, born Frederick Bailey, fled from his master in Baltimore to what city in Massachusetts? a. New Bedford b. Boston c. Salem 6. Sojourner Truth was the self-given name of what famous abolitionist? a. Isabelle Baumfree b. Ellen Craft c. Maria W. Stewart 7. When did the Underground Railroad originate? a. the 19 th century b. the 18 th century c. the 17 th century 8. How many slaves were freed using the Underground Railroad? a. 100, 00 b. 500, 00 c. the number is unknown.

9. Harriet Tubman made how many trips to the south to free slaves? a. 100 b. 14 c. 25 10. Levi Coffin, who lived at one of busiest stops on the railroad, was given what title? a. President of the Underground Railroad b. Leader of the Abolitionist movement c. the most famous abolitionist

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