Ability intelligence IQ Intelligence is whatever intelligence tests
Ability, intelligence, IQ “Intelligence is whatever intelligence tests measure” (EG Boring, 1923) “The aggregate or global capacity of an individual to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal effectively with the environment” (Wechsler, 1944) “The flexible adaptation of means in the pursuit of one’s goals” (White, 1998)
Early childhood: 1946 (8 years) 1. Verbal comprehension Come with me to buy some (FIRE, WATER, STONE, SWEETS, MOTORS) The political dangers of monopoly seem to have been much (EXASPERATED, EXCISED, EXAGGERATED, EXPROPRIATED, EXPOSTULATED) 2. Vocabulary Cat, egg, book, apple……… celerity, extraneous, opthalmic, haemorrhage 3. Non-verbal ability i) Odd one out, ii) Sequence completion, iii) Analogy
Early childhood: 1958/70 (7/5 years) 1. Vocabulary: Southgate Group Reading Test (1958) English Picture Vocabulary Test (1970) 2. Drawing a man: “Make a picture of a man or lady” 3. Copying Designs:
Middle childhood: 1946/58 (11 years) Verbal ability YARD FOOT STONE MILE POUND INCH ? OUNCE _________________________ PENNY TON PINT HOUR GALLON
Middle childhood: 1946/58 (11 years) Verbal ability PUT TAP NUT TIP TAN POT ? NOT ________________________ TEN TIN TUN NET NAT
Middle childhood: 1946/58 (11 years) Non-verbal ability ?
Middle childhood: 1946/58 (11 years) Non-verbal ability ?
Middle childhood: 1970 (10 years) British Ability Scales (BAS): Verbal ability 1. Word definitions (vocabulary) 2. Similarities, e. g. Orange, banana, strawberry Sad, worried, happy
Middle childhood: 1970 (10 years) BAS: Non-verbal ability 1. Recall of digits (e. g. 5 4… 7 5 6… 8 9 5 6… 2 3 7 4 6…) 2. Matrices ? ?
Childhood ability tests Age 46 cohort 58 cohort 70 cohort Picture intelligence Early childhood Sentence completion Vocabulary test (8/7/5) Draw a man Copy designs Southgate group reading test Draw a man Copy designs English picture vocabulary test Non-Verbal intelligence Middle Verbal intelligence childhood (11/10) Non-verbal intelligence Verbal intelligence Non-verbal (BAS) Recall of digits Matrices Verbal (BAS) Word definitions Word similarities
Accumulated Cognitive Capital Measurement model: 46 cohort. 801 . 698 Picture Intelligence g g age 8 age 11 . 848 . 762 Sentence Completion . 977 Vocabulary Test Non-Verbal Intelligence . 822 Verbal Intelligence
Accumulated Cognitive Capital Measurement model: 58 cohort. 895 . 490 Draw a Man g g age 7 age 11 . 468 Copy Designs . 947 . 767 Southgate Group Reading Test Non-Verbal Intelligence . 853 Verbal Intelligence
Accumulated Cognitive Capital Measurement model: 70 cohort. 787 g g age 5 age 10. 421 . 501 . 634 . 781. 627 . 608 . 802 Recall of Digits Draw a Man Copy Designs English Picture vocabulary test Word Similarities Matrices Word Definitions
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