Abdominal Region II Clinical Anatomy Tony Serino Ph

Abdominal Region II Clinical Anatomy Tony Serino, Ph. D.

Abdominal 2: Topic Objectives • Be able to describe and identify liver anatomy, histology and functions. • Be able to describe bile production, flow, storage and function. • Be able to identify hepatic portal blood flow. • Be able to identify small intestine structures and functionalities. • Be able to describe and identify large intestine structures and functionalities. • Be able to explain the defecaction reflex and its role in constipation and incontinence.

Liver

Liver (inferior surface) (posterior margin) (anterior margin)

Hepatic Segmentation Divided by hepatic arteries, portal veins and bile ducts. Hepatic veins are intersegmetal.

Liver Lobule

Portal Triad

Hepatic Portal System

Hepatic Portal Veins Portal vein Superior Mesenteric v. Splenic v. Inferior Mesenteric v.

Gall Bladder Fundus Spiral valve Body Neck Hepatic ducts Common hepatic duct Cystic duct Common bile duct

Bile and Pancreatic Sphincters

Secretion of Bile

Micelle Formation (Emulsifying Fat)

Fatty Acid Absorption Small fatty acids go directly to blood stream; larger ones form chylomicrons from cholesterol and phospholipids

Small Intestine

Small Intestine

Duodenum and Accessory Organs

Small Intestine Structures to Increase Surface Area Plica Circularis Villi Long Length of SI

Villi Anatomy

Small Intestine Histology

Histology Changes in Intestine

Jejunum Histology

Large Intestine (x-ray)

Large Intestine (Colon)

LI blood supply

Cecum and Appendix Diverticulum Ileocecal valve

Appendix variation

Large Intestine Histology

Rectum and Anal Canal

Defecation Reflex