A Topical Approach to LifeSpan Development 6 e
- Slides: 37
A Topical Approach to Life-Span Development 6 e John W. Santrock Chapter 3: Physical Development and Biological Aging
Patterns of body growth • Cephalocaudal pattern = • Proximodistal pattern = • Growth rate affected by :
Figure 3. 1 - Changes in Proportions of the Human Body During Growth Fractions = head size as fraction of total body length
Height and Weight in Infancy and Childhood Average ___ inches, ____ lbs at birth Infancy Triple weight by ___ year By age ___, reach ½ adult height, 1/5 adult weight Early Childhood Growth _____, trunk _____, body fat _____; patterns vary individually Girls slightly _____ and _____ than boys Girls have more ______ tissue, boys more _____ Slower, consistent growth Middle and Late Childhood Muscle mass and strength _____; bones _______ Body proportions change; boys stronger
Puberty: Physical growth & change • Puberty = • Growth spurt – Order for girls: • Age of onset: – Order for boys: • Age of onset:
Puberty: Hormonal Changes • Hormones =
Endocrine glands & functions • Hypothalamus – • Pituitary gland – • Gonads = – Gonadotropins =
Endocrine glands pubertal changes
Puberty: Hormonal effects • Hormones increase dramatically – Testosterone – Estradiol • Puberty onset affects social competence • Behaviors and moods can affect hormones
Timing of puberty: Psychological effects • Early maturation – Boys: – Girls: • Late maturation – Boys: – Girls: http: //digital. films. com/Portal. Playlists. aspx? aid=13174&xtid=47960
Physical Changes: Early adulthood • • Height Muscle tone, strength Joint functions Elasticity
Middle adulthood: Physical Changes • 40 s-50 s • Declines: • Increases:
Middle adulthood: Body Changes • Strength, joints, and bones
Middle adulthood: Body Changes • Cardiovascular system • Lungs
Middle adulthood: Sexuality changes • Climacteric — • Menopause —
Physical Changes: Late adulthood • Physical appearance • Circulatory system
Figure 3. 6 - The Brain’s Four Lobes
Functions of Cortical Lobes Frontal • • Motor cortex: Parietal • Somatosensory cortex: • • Occipital • Visual cortex: Temporal • Auditory cortex: •
Brain Physiology: Neurons • Neurons: Nerve cells that…
Figure 3. 7 - The Neuron
Neuron Structures & Functions • Dendrites, cell body, axon • Myelin sheath and myelination • Neurotransmitters • Synapse
Neural circuits = groups of specialized neurons
Neural Growth in Infancy • Born with about _____ neurons • Rapid growth of:
Figure 3. 12 - Dendritic Spreading
The Brain in Infancy • Skills affected by: • Blooming & pruning of: • Brain areas do not mature uniformly – Rapid growth of: – Motor control begins at about:
Figure 3. 13 - Synaptic Density in Human Brain from Infancy to Adulthood
The Brain in Childhood • Brain and head continue to grow more rapidly than any other part of the body (See Fig. 3. 13) • Greatest anatomical brain increases from ages:
Figure 3. 14 - Growth Curves for Head and Brain and for Height and Weight
The Brain in Childhood • Age 3 – 6: most rapid growth in: • Age 6 – puberty: most growth in:
The Brain in Adolescence Growth in: • Corpus callosum – • Amygdala – • Prefrontal cortex –
The Brain in Adulthood • General slowing of which functions? – Begins in middle age, accelerates with age • Brain loses _____% of weight from age 20 - 90 – Shrinkage is not uniform; most in:
The Brain Can Adapt! • How can we maintain functions & slow decline? • Remarkable repair capability – Neurogenesis:
- A topical approach to lifespan development
- Topical approach definition
- Topical approach definition
- Topical approach definition
- Development through the lifespan 6th edition
- Discontinuous development psychology
- Chapter 9 lifespan development
- Development takes place gradually
- Guidance counselling and lifespan development
- Lifespan development third edition
- Lifespan development third edition
- Exploring lifespan development chapter 1
- Exploring lifespan development chapter 1
- Number of stages
- Pelikaaniankerias
- Petit fours base
- Splendour beetle
- Life cycle of a honey bee
- Ponce de leon nationality
- Janet belsky
- Henry hudson lifespan
- Lifespan of every animal
- The developing person through the life span 9th edition
- Prairie dog lifespan
- Autism lifespan
- Nutrition across life stages
- Eagle plucks out beak and talons
- Da vinci lifespan
- Lifespan irb
- Fun facts about henry hudson
- Samantha warwar
- Lifespan of platelets
- La vecchio
- Zebrafish lifespan
- Sugar glider scientific name
- Concept formation in lifespan psychology
- Galapagos turtle lifespan
- Yoda lifespan