A Summary of SAE 574 NetCentric Systems Architecting

A Summary of SAE 574: Net-Centric Systems Architecting & Engineering University of Southern California Viterbi School of Engineering Systems Architecture & Engineering (SAE) Ken Cureton January 2013 cureton@usc. edu January 2013 SAE_574_Summary. ppt

SAE 574 Objective • Part of Systems Architecting & Engineering (SAE) Series – Objective: “Provide System Engineers And Architects With Understanding Of The Intersection Between Network Engineering, Systems Architecting, And Systems Engineering. ” – Elective Course in University of Southern California’s Masters Program in Systems Architecting & Engineering – Class Initiated in the Fall of 2003 – About 350 Students have completed the class – Student Demographics: • About ½ are employed by aerospace companies • About 1 out of 20 are Air Force, Navy, or Army officers • Remainder are foreign students or those with more of a commercial background January 2013 SAE_574_Summary. ppt 2

SAE 574 Class Format • Semester Class, 16 Weeks, One night/week – 12 Weekly Lectures, 2 hours 40 minutes each – 3 days off! (2 holidays, one Spring Break) – 1 Final Exam week (scheduled but not used) • Distance Learning Format – Typically one or two students in the TV Studio, majority of students are scattered across the US – Class content webcasted for online/offline viewing – Class content in Power. Point format, hosted on Blackboard Software for student preview – Blackboard Software provides for Chat or Voice Interaction online, Discussion Boards offline – Simultaneous Webex for real-time interaction • “Walk the Talk” about Net-Centric Concepts January 2013 SAE_574_Summary. ppt 3

SAE 574 Class Grading • Two Research Papers required of each student – One in place of Midterm Exam, other for Final Exam – Papers are typically 20 single-spaced pages, suitably formatted for publication in a technical journal • Student materials on “How to Write Research Papers” – No weekly homework, but students are encouraged to e-mail Instructor with questions, outlines, drafts, etc. • Students choose research topic(s) – Submit abstract for approval by Instructor – Can use same topic for both papers • Structured analysis for each paper – Specific analyses required in each case to demonstrate student’s ability to apply the class fundamentals – Paper #1: Material from first 6 Lectures – Paper #2: Material from next 4 Lectures • Extra credit for material from last 3 Lectures January 2013 SAE_574_Summary. ppt 4

SAE 574 Lecture #1 • Syllabus • Definitions – – – Systems Architecting Systems Engineering Nodes in a Network Net-Centric, Network-Centric, Net-Enabled Complexity Theory and Complex Systems – – – Agility (Timeliness/Accuracy) OODA Loop Location Independence Collaboration Self-Organization • Enabling Characteristics of Net-Centric Systems • The power of Net-Enabled Systems – Synergistic Effect of Collaboration, Emergent Behavior – Example: Internet Growth & Uses – Net-Enabled Ecosystem: Technology, Processes, People January 2013 SAE_574_Summary. ppt 5

SAE 574 Lecture #2 • History of Networked Systems – Centralized Processing through Distributed Systems • Moore’s Law • Metcalf’s Law • Network Components – Nodes, Interfaces, Gateways, Bridges, Routers, etc. • Networked System Categories – – – – Characteristics and Abilities Architectural Implications & Constraints Fixed Location Users of a Fixed Network Infrastructure Mobile Users of a Fixed Network Infrastructure Fixed Location Users of a Mobile Network Infrastructure Mobile Ad hoc Networks • System of Systems, Network of Networks – Intro to Complexity Theory as applied to Networks January 2013 SAE_574_Summary. ppt 6

SAE 574 Lecture #3 • Layered Architecture “Reference” Models – Benefits & Costs & Weaknesses of this approach – Abstraction • Historical Models – Becker’s 6 -Layer through SNA/APPN, DSA, DECnet • OSI 7 -Layer Reference Model – Connection-Oriented vs. Connectionless – Physical Layer (Characteristics, Functions, Services, Typical Standards, Example Implementation & Uses) – Data Link Layer (ditto) – Network Layer (ditto) – Transport Layer (ditto) – Session Layer (ditto) – Presentation “Encoding” Layer (ditto) – Application Layer (ditto) January 2013 SAE_574_Summary. ppt 7

SAE 574 Lecture #4 • The Internet Model – History (1962 through 1994) – Network Classes & Addressing (“A” through “E”) – Infrastructure • Subnetting • ISP, RSP, NAP, IXP, IIX, Backbone – Geographical Distribution & Growth – Strengths & Weakness of the Internet approach – Internet II and other Future Projects • Ethernet Protocol – Comparison to Polled Systems, Handshaking, TDMA • IP Reference Model – Contrast/Compare to OSI 7 -Layer – Multiplexing, Routing, Protocol Numbers, Ports, Sockets – Address Resolution (Logical, IP, MAC), Routing Domains • Introduction to W 3 C and Internet Policy January 2013 SAE_574_Summary. ppt 8

SAE 574 Lecture #5 a • Assured Availability – Fundamentals of Fault Tolerance (Assured Operation, Inadvertent Operation, Intermittent Operation, Generic Failures, Fault Containment) – Advantages & Disadvantages of Cross-Strapping – Impacts on Reliability, Maintainability, Training – Failure Modes & Effects with Criticality Analysis (FMECA) of Networked Systems – Typical HW/SW steps to assure Network Availability • Assured Integrity (Trust aspects) – Fundamentals of Trust • Safety-Of-Life Applications (GPS/WAAS example) – Trusted System Concepts (Hardware, People, Processes) – Trusted Software Concepts & Methodologies (including Formal Methods) January 2013 SAE_574_Summary. ppt 9

SAE 574 Lecture #5 b • Assured Integrity (Security aspects) – Data Integrity (Checksums, CRC, Hash codes, etc. ) – Defense against Virus, Worms, DOS/DDOS, Polymorphic, Eavesdropping, Trap Doors, Trojans, Insider Attack, etc. • Assured Authentication – Methods of Strong Authentication, Biometrics, Trusted Third Parties/Certificate Authorities, etc. • Assured Confidentiality & Authorization – Encryption: PKI, PGP, IPSEC/VPN, Digital Certificates – IBAC vs. RBAC, “Least Privileges”, etc. • Assured Non-Repudiation – Methods of digitally-signed audit trails • Networked Security Management – Enclave Security, Defense-In-Depth, Firewalls, IDS, etc. – Orange Book, Common Criteria, DIACAP, MLS vs. MILS, Acceptable Levels of Risk, etc. • Cyber Security January 2013 SAE_574_Summary. ppt 10

SAE 574 Lecture #6 • Architecture Modeling – Goals & Objectives of Modeling: Find Design Holes, Unexpected Interfaces/Couplings/Dependencies, and Unknown-Unknowns early in the Design Process – History (Flow Charts, Structured Programming Diagrams, Finite State Automata, 4+1 Views, ROSE, RUP, the “Methods Wars”) • Unified Modeling Language (UML v 2. 0) – General Coverage of 13 Diagram Types – Detailed: Use Case, Class, Activity, Sequence Diagrams • System Modeling Language (Sys. ML v 1. 0) – General Coverage of 8 Diagram Types – Detailed coverage of Assembly & Structure Diagrams • Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) & Development – Use of Executable Models • Domain-Driven Architecture January 2013 SAE_574_Summary. ppt 11

SAE 574 Lecture #7 • Model Definitions – Reference Models, Architecture Frameworks, Stakeholders, Views & Viewpoints • History – Functional Decomposition/Tree, N 2, FFBD Diagrams – IEEE 1471 Conceptual Framework – C 4 ISR Views, Steps, Products, Interrelationships • Do. DAF (v 2. 0) and Mo. DAF – – – Coverage of OV, Std. V, AV, CV, DIV, PV, Svc. V Essential Views, Supporting Views Mandated Use (OMB A-130) MOOs and MOPs and MOEs History (C 4 ISR, Do. DAF v 1. 0 -v 1. 5) and Future • Do. DAF Meta-Model (DM 2), etc. January 2013 SAE_574_Summary. ppt 12

SAE 574 Lecture #8 • Enterprise Architectures – Intent and Scope: Business, Data/Information, Application (Systems), Technology (IT) Architectures – Historical: MIL-STDs, TAFIM, DII COE – Zachman Framework – Federal Enterprise Architecture (FEA) • PRM, BRM, SRM, DRM, and TRM • Global Information Grid (GIG) and GIG-BE – GIG Enterprise Services (GES) – Net-Centric Enterprise Services (NCES) – TPED vs. TPPU, Publish/Subscribe, Infospheres • DISR – JTA, TRM, NR-KPPs, Net-Centric Checklist, etc. • Legal Implications of Mandated IT Structures January 2013 SAE_574_Summary. ppt 13

SAE 574 Lecture #9 • System-of Systems Analysis & Tools – Structured Analysis: IDEFs vs. UML – Risk-Based Spiral (Evolutionary) Development Process • Markup Languages – SGML: Markup Files, DTDs, DSSSL Style Sheets – HTML, XHTML – XML: Markup Files, DTDs, Schema, XSL Style Sheets • DISA XML Registry • Semantic Models/Ontologies – – – What & Why Context-Free Semantics & Meanings RDF OWL (Light, DL, Full) and others Domain & Upper Ontologies, Bridging Ontologies, etc. Semantic Web & the Future (DAML/OIL: OWL-S, etc. ) • Taxonomies, Properties, Inference Rules January 2013 SAE_574_Summary. ppt 14

SAE 574 Lecture #10 • Middleware – Basic Concepts, Stimulation, Simulation, Fault Injection & Monitoring, Application Services, Call Class Wrappers • Remote Access & Distributed Computing Services – Historical: MOM, RPCs, ORBs, CORBA, DCOM • Web Services – What & Why (vs. Tightly-Coupled, Point-to-Point) – SOAP, WSDL, UDDI –. NET vs J 2 EE • Service-Oriented Architectures (SOA) – Key Concepts of Loose Coupling, Registration & Discovery of Services, Composability, Governance, etc. – Grid Computing, classic Software As A Service, Web 2. 0 and other SOA concepts – Cloud Computing (Saa. S, Paa. S, Iaa. S, etc. ) • Semantic Web Services (into the Future: Web 3. 0) January 2013 SAE_574_Summary. ppt 15

SAE 574 Lecture #11 • IPv 4 – Original Design & Patches (NAT, IPSEC, etc. ) • IPv 5 • IPv 6 – Addressing Schemes (Representations, What & Why) – Multihomed Hosts & True Hierarchical Networks – Autoconfiguration of addresses • DHCPv 6, DAD, MANet/ANS – Service Discovery – Enhanced Authentication & Security (IPSECv 6, AH/ESP) – Mobile IP – Quality of Service (Qo. S) • Best Effort vs. Guarantees, INTSERV, DIFFSERV, Packet Flow Control & Prioritization – Transition from IPv 4 (6 OVER 4, 6 TO 4, ISATAP, etc. ) January 2013 SAE_574_Summary. ppt 16

SAE 574 Lecture #12 • Timing- and Qo. S-Critical Network Service needs – VOIP, Streaming Video, File Transfer, e-Mail, WS, etc. • Historical Network Protocols – Frame Relay, X. 25, ISDN, Token Rings, FDDI, etc. • UDP/IP and RTP/IP – RTSP, RSVP, RTPC, SDP, SIP, etc. • ATM – Contrast/Compare to IP, IP Encapsulation – Service Classes and True Qo. S • SONET/SDH – Fiber Optic Based Network Concepts & Capacities – Linear & Ring Networks • MPLS – Contrast/Compare to IPv 4/IPv 6; IP Encapsulation • Telecomm Industry Review & The Future January 2013 SAE_574_Summary. ppt 17

SAE 574 Summary • Students Exposed to a Broad Range of Net-Centric Topics • Students Required to Demonstrate (for their chosen topic): – – – – Benefits due to its net-centric design Fundamental organization of the network How user collaboration synergy/emergent behavior supported Reference model of sample nodes with layered analysis Analysis of potential for Growth/Evolution/Future Use Assured Availability: Fault Tolerance methods and a FMECA Assured System Integrity and Data Integrity Security: Authentication, Confidentiality, & Non-Repudiation Security Management method UML Use Case, Sequence, Activity Diagrams and descriptions OV-1, OV-2, SV-1, SV-3 Diagrams and descriptions Enterprise Architecture (Zachman or FEA) Domain Ontology covering several key elements (in English) Spiral/Evolutionary Development steps • Emphasis: Training Systems Architects & Systems Engineers in the application of Net-Centric System Design Concepts January 2013 SAE_574_Summary. ppt 18