A Short History of Christian Apologetics John Oakes

§ New Testament Apologetics § Apologists in the Early Church § Medieval and Resaisance

New Testament Apologetics § John 20: 30 Public miracles and signs § 1 John

NT Apologetics (cont. ) § Paul § Acts 17: 22 -34 § God is

Apologists in the Early Church § Justin “Martyr” § Logos Theology § Fulfilled Prophecy

Early Church Apologists (cont. ) § Jerome (347 -420) § Against Porphyry (Daniel) §

Scholasticism and Medieval Apologetics § Anselm (1033 -1109) § Ontological Argument § Thomas Aquinas

The Age of Reason—The Enlightenment § Blaise Pascal (1623 -1662) § Experiential evidence §

Oops…. . § Young Earth Creationism § Henry Morris “The Genesis Flood”

Modern Apologists § James Orr Worldview § Cornelius Van Til Presuppositional § CS Lewis

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A Short History of Christian Apologetics John Oakes, Ph. D ARS 8/27/2010

§ New Testament Apologetics § Apologists in the Early Church § Medieval and Resaisance Apologetics § Modern Apologists and Apologetic Approaches

New Testament Apologetics § John 20: 30 Public miracles and signs § 1 John 1: 1 That which our hands have touched we proclaim. (against Gnosticism) § Peter § Acts 2: 14 -38 § Prophecies § Wonders and signs § Resurrection § 1 Peter 3: 15 -16 The Urgency of Apologetics § Gently and respectfully § With a clear conscience § 2 Peter 1: 16 -20 Prophecy → More certain

NT Apologetics (cont. ) § Paul § Acts 17: 22 -34 § God is Creator (Stoicism) § God is near (Epicurianism) § God is Judge (Dualism) § Resurrection § Luke: Historical Evidence § Luke 2: 1 -3, 3: 1 -2, 3: 23 -38

Apologists in the Early Church § Justin “Martyr” § Logos Theology § Fulfilled Prophecy § Irenaeus (ca. 125 -200) § § § “Against Celsus” (Pagan philosopher) “Against Heresies” (Gnosticism) Fulfilled prophecy § Origen (ca. 185 -254) § Plunder the Egyptians § Neoplatonism Origen’s School in Alexandria

Early Church Apologists (cont. ) § Jerome (347 -420) § Against Porphyry (Daniel) § Daniel originally in Hebrew § Babylonia, Persia/Media, Greece, Rome § Augustine (354 -430) § § § Against Manichees (Faustus) Natural theology Faith before reason. Jerome

Scholasticism and Medieval Apologetics § Anselm (1033 -1109) § Ontological Argument § Thomas Aquinas (1225 -1274) § § Aristotlean Logic. Truth is Reasonable “Summa Theologica” Cosmological, Teleological Argument “Classical” Apologetics § Martin Luther (1483 -1546) § Faith before reason

The Age of Reason—The Enlightenment § Blaise Pascal (1623 -1662) § Experiential evidence § Pascal’s wager § Joseph Butler (1692 -1752) § Against deists: faith is reasonable § William Paley (1743 -1805) § Natural Theology (against deism)

Oops…. . § Young Earth Creationism § Henry Morris “The Genesis Flood”

Modern Apologists § James Orr Worldview § Cornelius Van Til Presuppositional § CS Lewis Trilemma, Evidential § Norman Geisler Classical § Francis Schaeffer Experiential § Alvin Plantinga Fideism § Josh Mc. Dowell Historical, Legal proofs § William Lane Craig Classical