A sea of Opportunities A SWOT of the

A sea of Opportunities A SWOT of the Future of Our Seas Luc van Hoof January 12 th, 2016

Today’s menu § The Big Challenge § Use of the seas! § SWOT § 2050? § 2050!

Planet EARTH? ? ? § 70% of our world is ocean

The Challenge § Feeding the world § Renewable energy production § Blue Growth

To feed 9 -10 billion people by 2050 Blue Revolution

Thinking of the Sea Several images come to mind

Geographical area

Ecosystem

Political Area

Ruimte voor Windenergie Watersport. Aquacultuur Defensie Scheepvaart Olie & gas winning Recreatievissers Kabels & Leidingen Zandwinning Visserij Zandsuppletie Natuurbescherming

Future use of the Sea • • World demand for fish & fish products Aquaculture Recreational Fisheries Marine Tourism Shipping Wind farms Oil & Gas Conservation

Its getting crowded § More activities out at sea § More sectors § More stakeholders § Globalisation

Strengths § Lots of space § Lots of water § Lots of resources § A lot of potential ● Food, feed, pharmaceuticals, energy, transport, ingredients, materials, minerals, nature, climate buffer § Lots of possibilities

Weaknesses § Not all waters are equal coastal zone vs high seas § Lack of an ocean knowledge base § Also on the potential economic challenges § Resilience but tipping points § Open Access Jurisdictions § Lack of management of critical marine resources § Governance, regulation and ocean policy

Opportunities: Blue Growth (1) § Aquaculture § Seagriculture § Coastal tourism § Marine biotechnology § Ocean energy § Seabed mining

Opportunities: Ocean Food production § Fisheries? ●Discards & Management § Sea ranching § Mari-culture § Building with Nature

Options v Produce more food v Ø Sustainable Intensification Ø Ecosystem approaches Ø Ocean production More efficient use of food Ø there is no such thing as waste Ø Alternative sources of proteins Ø “Ingredientisation”

Major threats to the world's oceans (1) § Unsustainable fishing § threat to ocean life, habitats, livelihoods and food security

Major threats to the world's oceans (2) § Inadequate protection § MPAs, working policies

Major threats to the world's oceans (3) § Tourism & Urban Development § Coastlines and the coastal zone

Major threats to the world's oceans (4) § Shipping § oil spills, ship groundings, anchor damage, and the dumping of rubbish, ballast water, and oily waste

Major threats to the world's oceans (5) § Oil & gas § prospecting and drilling windfarms § Oil spills § What to do with abandoned equipment

Major threats to the world's oceans (6) § Pollution § sewage, garbage, fertilizers, pesticides, industrial chemicals, plastics

Major threats to the world's oceans (7) § Aquaculture § pollution the farms discharge, escaped farmed fish, increased parasite loads, and the need to catch wild fish as feed.

Major threats to the world's oceans (8) § Climate Change § Coral bleaching, rising sea levels, changing species distributions

So where will we be in 2050?

2050? Marine Dead Zones

2050! seaweed statice samphire spirulina