A PU LS IM Problem Solving Prototyping Impulsa

A PU LS IM Problem Solving & Prototyping Impulsa 项目第二期导师培训

05 Defining the Problem Activity Instructions • Each student will think of three problems in the environment that they see in their everyday lives, each Sources of Environmental Problems Littering & Trash Air in a different section • The examples have to be specific and personal • The student must write each example on a post it note and put it on a wall classified by section • Family will review all of the examples, discuss, and Water pollution Noise vote in several rounds to choose a problem Your Coaching Role • As the students discuss the different examples before they vote, guide the conversation to make it quick and concrete, without too much digression • Guide the students towards problems that are concrete, measurable, and relevant • Help the shyer students speak up during discussion Light pollution Soil Contamination

05 Defining the Problem What is a problem? Problem Statement Checklist A problem is the difference between Problem definition, which should be brief and what is and what might or could be SMART Specific Measurable Action-oriented Problem Definition Example Relevant Time-bound Who does the problem affect? The air outside buildings in Changsha What restrictions are there? (time, resources, etc. ) has too much PM 2. 5 for students to What are the metrics for success? do heavy physical exercise without bad health effects What are the risks or possible problems? Everyone in the team must share the definition of each word in the statement

05 Problem Statement Worksheet Guidelines Problem Definition (what are we trying to achieve? ) The basic question we are trying to solve. It should be SMART: specific, measurable, action-oriented, relevant and time-bound. 1 2 5 Background and context What is the current situation? What has happened so far? Why now? What is success? What does a good final product look like? What are we trying to deliver? What indicators or metrics can we use? 3 4 Stakeholders Who are the decision makers? Who needs to be involved? Potential challenges What are the risks problems that we plan to mitigate? Where will we find information and help? Where does expertise exist? e. g. , work that has already been done, experts who we can contact, etc.

05 Problem Statement Worksheet Example Problem Definition (what are we trying to achieve? ) People in the metro in Changsha breath bad air from the atmosphere. Because Changsha commuters spend too much time in the metro, we should try to make that air cleaner, below 100 in the PM 2. 5 air quality index. 1 Background and context 3 Air in Changsha is too often above 200 in the PM 2. 5 air quality index. This air goes into the metro and buildings. 2 What is success? Clean the air inside the metro to below 100 PPM 5 Where will we find information and help? International research on air pollution Internal company experts Stakeholders Changsha metro authorities Changsha local government Citizens who ride the metro 4 Potential challenges Machines may be too expensive Metro may not be willing to invest

01 Design a solution (2/3) A BAD solution Superficially attacks a symptom of a problem Does not affect the people most affected by the problem Repeats easy, old solutions Is not concrete or measurable A GOOD solution Attacks the root cause of a problem Targeted at the problem’s affected audience Shows creativity. It is something they have not seen before. Idea crosses boundaries of known solutions Mini-Exercise Problem People throw trash from their cars and so the streets are dirty. What could we do to prevent this?

05 Design a solution (3/3) • The “ 5 why’s” is a method for finding the root cause of a problem • Students will ask why something happens, then why that cause happens, five times in total • Example: 1. Why is the building crumbling? Too much washing 2. Why is it washed too often? Bird poop 3. Why are there birds? They eat spiders 4. Why are there spiders? They eat maggots 5. Why are there maggots? They like the light • Solution: Turn the lights on later!

05 Prototyping Prototype will help you make your idea tangible so you can test it with end users. This will help others to get involved in the innovation process early on in your project

05 Prototyping Today we will build paper prototype to test usability of the ideas you have in mind!

05 Prototyping Objectives Test if other people will like your idea by building a creative simple prototype Learn how to adapt ideas before heavy investing on them Instructions for students You can use all the materials in the class to build a prototype of the app/web platform as similar as the real life(1 hr) Test the prototype with the other family in your house and then try to go to another house to try it too ! The idea is that you are able to test how it works and get feedback from others (35 min) To test remember to create a set of questions that you would like to make to other users Remember to be prepare to others interaction Note for coaches: All students can interview as many teams as they want in the 35 minutes. Please be sure that teams are preparing questions to make to other teams and that they are being empathetic with others opinion even if they don’t like it