A problem well stated is a problem half
A problem well stated is a problem half solved. -Charles F. Kettering Self-Interest Public Interest
Class Agenda • Announcements • Overview of Module 3 Paper
Agenda for Module 3 • 10/4 - Introduction • 10/7 - Grading Exercise • 10/9 - Dean Van Slyke • 10/11 –Stephanie Pasquale • 10/14 – Problem Solving and Graphs • 10/16 - Competition Workshop • 10/18 - Competition Debriefing • 10/21 - Module 3 due!
Competition Points Groups Points Winners Losers As of 10/4/19 9 21 2 18 11 17 12 16 17 16 1 15 5 14 10 14 15 14 18 14 19 14 3 13 4 13 7 13 8 12 14 12 20 12 6 11 13 11 16 11
Want to be a PST 101 TA? Who: Lovers of PST, hard workers, leaders, those with an A- or A What: Be a TA for PST 101 – Spring 2020 When: The application, which is on the website under the TA tab, is due on Wednesday, October 23 rd by 8 PM How: Complete the application and an interview & end the course with an A- or A & be chosen Questions? Email Renee at rnverdi@syr. edu
Fireside Chat with Ana
Dale Carnegie Principles • Don't criticize, condemn or complain. • Sympathize with the other person. • Give honest and sincere appreciation. • Appeal to noble motives. • Arouse in the other person an eager want. • Dramatize your ideas. • Become genuinely interested in other people. • Throw down a challenge. • Remember that a man's name is to him the sweetest and most important sound in any language. • Begin with praise and honest appreciation. Be a good listener. Encourage others to talk about themselves. • • Call attention to other people's mistakes indirectly. • Talk about your own mistakes first. • Talk in the terms of the other man’s interest. • Ask questions instead of giving direct orders. • Make the other person feel important and do it sincerely. • Let the other person save face. • Avoid arguments. • Praise every improvement. • Never tell someone they are wrong • Give them a fine reputation to live up to • If you're wrong, admit it quickly and emphatically. • Encourage them by making their faults seem easy to correct. • Begin in a friendly way. • • Start with questions the other person will answer yes to. Let the other person do the talking. Make the other person happy about doing what you suggest. • Let the other person feel the idea is his/hers. • Try honestly to see things from the other person's point of view.
Basic Diagram Players A Societal Problems Chapter 5 B C Public Policy Chapter 6
Spine of the Module Three Paper • • • 5. 1 a Define the societal problem 5. 1 b Effects of the Problem 5. 3 Evidence (Worth 30 points) • A trend line graph (Minimum of 3 data points, 1 must be real) • A quote from a player, stakeholder, or expert you interviewed • A quote from a published, printed, or electronic source 5. 4 Causes of the Problem (5. 4) 6. 3 Policy to deal with the problem—TOOLS on page 79 -80 in the textbook Effectiveness vs. Feasibility (6. 3 c)
Choosing Specific Societal Problem • Must be a measurable societal condition • Must be at a local area [county, town, city] *not federal, not state* • Try to connect it to your community service or previous experience or contact • A policy you don’t like is not a societal problem (e. g. Too many gun-related deaths correct vs. Weak gun laws WRONG)
Finding a Variable-The First Key • You must have data to measure your societal problem. • Don’t confuse it with policies. • Here is an example. State the societal problem.
Think Beyond Social Justice BS • ‘Social Justice, ’ According to Whom? • “The concept is complicated, but you wouldn't know that by walking around college campuses. ” Jonathan Zimmerman, Professor of History of education, Princeton U. Chronicle of Higher Education, B 25, 9/27/2019.
Onondaga Community Indicators: Crime Societal Problem: There is too much violent crime in Onondaga County Violent Crime, 2005 -09 120 Offenses per 10, 000 people 100 80 60 43 42 40 38 37 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 40 20 0 Year Source: *NYS Division of Criminal Justice Services Crime in New York State: 2009 FBI Crime in the US Reports 2005 -09
Onondaga Community Indicators: Economy Why is this wrong? Onondaga County Economic Development Expenditures, 2000 -09 Money Spent (in millions of dollars) $ 25 $ 21 $ 20 $ 16 $ 15 $ 10 $6 $5 $2000 2003 2006 Year Source: New York State Office of the Comptroller 2009
EVIDENCE VS. CAUSES • Good example of a cause: “Students are dropping out because the high school curriculum sucks. ” • Bad example of a cause: “The graduation rate in the 2017/2018 academic year was 45%. ” Why is this a bad example of a cause? What is it a good example of?
EVIDENCE vs. CAUSES Cont. • EVIDENCE: Confirms the existence and the extent of the societal problem • When presenting evidence include at least one of the following: • Statistics showing change over time and/or comparing different localities/groups • Expert opinions • Examples/Case Studies • CAUSES: The reasons for the societal problem (DO NOT confuse causes with effects)
A Word About Causes • We use the term all the time • But, causes can never be proven, EVER • Correlation does not mean causation but hints at it. Smoking Lung Cancer Wrong: the high school graduation rate is low because school funding is too low • Correct: Low funding is correlated with a low graduation rate •
Spurious Correlations http: //tylervigen. com/spurious-correlations
6. 1 & 6. 3 c Effectiveness vs. Feasibility • Effectiveness: what will work best • Feasibility: the likelihood of implementation • Generally, the more effective the less feasible
6. 1 & 6. 3 c Effectiveness vs. Feasibility • Must weigh effectiveness vs. feasibility when choosing preferred alternative policy in 6. 3 c. • Refer to pages 80 – 82 of textbook
• Use Experts and Players • Use the Web Research Link • Use published material
Gathering Information • Players influence public policy - Elected/appointed officials & their staff members, organized citizen groups, civic associations, industry trade groups, lobbyists, private individuals, etc. • Stakeholders –anyone impacted by the policy including people working in business, government and the nonprofit sector • Experts –people who provide knowledgeable viewpoints to help players and stakeholders from businesses, nonprofit organizations, the government, etc.
More on Continuums • Things in terms of opposites with a line between them: • X-----------------Y • Can be used for thinking about: • Values -What’s good/what’s bad • Causes—What causes X; Y or Z • Forecasts—X will not happen/X will happen
Cause Continuum • Cause Nature of human behavior Nurture
Prediction • X No will win a election Yes
Value Continuum Sample Capitalism is good or bad Good Bad
Another Value Continuum • Subsidize No Grades in PST 101? Yes
DUE ON SUNDAY NIGHT Email your TA with your societal problem using a “too” statement by 8 PM on Sunday, 10/6 or lose 5 points!
Grading Policy Exercise (GPE) for Next Class • Instructions can be found on the website under the module 3 tab • Decide on a grading system THAT WILL PROMOTE LEARNING IN 101 • You will have 3 choices: traditionalist, conservative, or socialist. • If you are undecided, write a paragraph explaining why. • Come into class on Monday with a TYPED paragraph on your preferred grading system WITH NAME AND GROUP #
Trend Line Graph Homework Trendline Homework Due Monday, October 14 th • Exercise 5. 3 is worth 30 points • Guides on PAF 101 website • • Trend Line Tutorial How To Get an A Video under ”Resources”
For Next Class • Work on Player and Expert Contacts • Work on 5. 1 -5. 3 • Email your TA with your societal problem by 8 PM, 10/6 or LOSE 5 POINTS • Grading Exercise choice due at the start of class or LOSE 5 POINTS
Jeffrey Gee • Chief, Investigations & Hearings Division, FCC • Washington, DC • Undergrad at Syracuse with a BA in TRF (Television, Radio & Film), Policy Studies, and Political Science • JD from Georgetown University Law Center
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