A NATION DIVIDED THE CIVIL WAR AND RECONSTRUCTION

A NATION DIVIDED THE CIVIL WAR AND RECONSTRUCTION

Industrial Locations of the North and South North. Cold/Industrial Big cities/Factories Inventions Railroads and canals to move goods “Free Labor”-workers are paid Wanted HIGER tariffs � � � � South- Warm Farms and plantations Plantations dependent on slave labor Slaves forced to work without pay Farmers planted cash crops like cotton Wanted LOWER tariffs

Brain Pop Civil War Causes � http: //www. brainpop. com/socialstudies/ushistor y/civilwarcauses/

Uncle Tom’s Cabin ss 5 h 1. a � � http: //safeshare. tv/w/b. Hb. ORBYXz. S Uncle Tom's Cabin was first published March 20, 1852. Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote the novel in response to the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, which required the citizens in Northern states to return escaped slaves to the South. Uncle Tom's Cabin was not the first antislavery novel, but it was by far the most successful. The novel sold 10, 000 copies in the first week and 300, 000 by the end of the first year. Within two years it had sold 2, 000 copies worldwide. Stowe's main argument had little to do with racial equality. Her arguments centered on religion and the sanctity of motherhood and family. These, she felt, were the arguments most likely to affect public opinion in the North

� � John Brown’s Raid on Harper’s Ferry SS 5 H 1. b John Brown's Raid on Harpers Ferry October 16 -18, 1859 On the evening of October 16, 1859 John Brown, a staunch abolitionist, and a group of his supporters left their farmhouse hide -out en route to Harpers Ferry. Descending upon the town in the early hours of October 17 th, Brown and his men captured prominent citizens and seized the federal armory and arsenal. Brown had hopes that the local slave population would join the raid and through the raid’s success weapons would be supplied to slaves and freedom fighters throughout the country; this was not to be. First held down by the local militia in the late morning of the 17 th, Brown took refuge in the arsenal’s engine house. However, this sanctuary from the fire storm did not last long, when in the late afternoon US Marines under Colonel Robert E. Lee arrived and stormed the engine house, killing many of the raiders and capturing Brown was quickly placed on trial and charged with treason against the state of Virginia, murder, and slave insurrection. Brown was sentenced to death for his crimes and hanged on December 2, 1859. http: //safeshare. tv/w/o. Js. WWKGEON

How Were These Contributors to the War? � � Uncle Tom’s Cabin The reason why this novel becomes such a symbol for the North and other countries was because it was the first novel in American culture to ever have blacks as its main character with wickedness slavery has it story line. Harriet Stowe wanted to write this novel because she wanted a way to combat slavery due to the fugitive slave law. � � John’ Brown’s Raid After John Brown, the South became even more fanatical in the defense of slavery. To his supporters, John Brown was a saint who died in the noble cause of ending slavery; to his opponents, he was an insane murderer.

Interactive NB Paste each picture into your SS NB. Below, write how each contributed to the Civil War. UNCLE TOM’S CABIN JOHN BROWN/HF

� � What are State’s Rights? Sovereign-The belief that states are subject to no higher powers except for powers specifically given to the national government. What does this mean? The State’s interest should come before that of the national government.

State’s Rights Cont. The National Gov’t should have more power! MOST NORTHERNERS BELIEVED THE FEDERAL GOV’T SHOULD HAVE MORE DECISION MAKING POWER. No, our state gov’t should have more power!!! MOST SOUTHERNER’S BELIEVED THAT THE STATES SHOULD HAVE THE MOST DECISION MAKING POWER.

State’s Rights Cont. � Most Southern NULLIFICATION states believed in nullification, or the right for a state to decide if a law passed by congress is constitutional or not.

SS Interactive NB A House Divided

Slavery RESISTING SLAVERY � � Refusing to obey their owners Holding back work Working more slowly or pretending to be sick Breaking rules such as learning how to read and write FREEMEN LIFESTYLES � � � 1 out of 9 in the US were free Lived in fear of losing their freedom Lived in cities Could be kidnapped and taken back to slavery in the South Couldn’t hold certain jobs

The Underground Railroad � � The Underground Railroad was an organized, secret system set up to help enslaved people escape from the South to freedom in the North or Canada. The map on this page shows its routes. The guides, or people who helped those escaping, were called “conductors. ” The houses, barns, and other places where runaways hid along their journey were known as “stations. ” To find their way north, escaping slaves were guided by the North Star. On cloudy nights they felt for moss on tree trunks, because moss tends to grow on the north side of a tree. Harriet Tubman was the most famous “conductor. ” In about 1849, Tubman escaped from slavery herself and settled in Philadelphia. Before the Civil War she returned south 19 times to lead more than 300 people, including her mother and father, to freedom.

A House Divided- The Movie � http: //safeshare. tv/w/RAysndtz. Bs

The South Secedes � � Many Southerners believed that the South should secede, or break away, from the United States. In December 1860, almost two months after Abraham Lincoln was elected President, South Carolina decided to secede. By February 1, 1861, six more states — Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas—had seceded. Representatives from the seven seceding states met in Montgomery, Alabama. On February 8, they formed their own government. It was called the Confederate States of America, or the Confederacy. • • THE CONFEDERACY ALSO ELECTED JEFFERSON DAVIS, A FORMER UNITED STATES SENATOR FROM MISSISSIPPI, AS ITS PRESIDENT. LINCOLN WAS INAUGURATED ON MARCH 4, 1861. BY THEN THE CONFEDERACY HAD TAKEN CONTROL OF MOST OF THE FORTS AND MILITARY PROPERTY OF THE UNITED STATES IN THE SOUTH. THE STATES THAT REMAINED LOYAL TO THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT WERE CALLED THE UNION.

Faces of the War ABRAHAM LINCOLN � � � 1809 -1865 Born in Kentucky Opposed Slavery President of the United States from 1861 -1865 Assassinated in 1865 http: //www. brainpop. co m/socialstudies/famous historicalfigures/abraha mlincoln/

JEFFERSON DAVIS � � President of the Confederacy Plantation Owner Wrote a book about the confederate government http: //safeshare. tv/w/m efe. Xoa. Qg. K

ROBERT E. LEE � � � 1807 -1870 Born in Virginia Army officer Turned down Lincoln’s offer to command the Union army Became the commander of the Army of Northern Virginia http: //safeshare. tv/w/Mq BRMXwt. Ha

THOMAS “STONEWALL” JACKSON � � � 1823 -1863 Well known confederate general Accidentally shot by one of his own men Dies 8 days later of pneumonia Was a major blow to the confederate army

ULYSSES S. GRANT � � � 1822 -1885 Army officer, President Appointed to command the Union by Lincoln Became the 17 th president of the United States in 1868 http: //safeshare. tv/w/APj BBGQLfi

Interactive NB Faces of the Civil War

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