a lesson about embedding quotations What is a

a lesson about embedding quotations

“ • • What is a quote? Why use a quote? Types of writing to use quotes Always ICE it Introducing quotes Citing quotes Explaining quotes

“ What is a QUOTE? • The word quote is short for quotation • A quotation is a group of words from a text used and repeated by someone other than the original author

“ It is important to include quotations in these forms of writings: – Informational Essays and Compositions – Argument Essays and Compositions – Persuasive Essays and Compositions – Literary Response and Analysis Essays – Research Papers

“ • Properly including quotations in your writing helps support your ideas and improve the quality of your writing. – You gain credibility as a trusted source – You provide sufficient and relevant evidence to support and explain your ideas and claims – You protect yourself from plagiarism accusations – You demonstrate the ability to include outside sources

“ Include quotes when… • You are providing examples and evidence Do not include quotes when… • You are writing your thesis statement • You are writing your topic sentences

“ • A quotation should NEVER stand alone. • You should NEVER begin a sentence with a quote. • You should ALWAYS explain your quote after you properly cite it.

“ Always ICE it! Remember the acronym ICE to help you properly and effectively include quotes in your writing. § Introduce § Cite § Explain

“ INTRODUCE THE QUOTE

Introduce Your Quote • There are four different ways to properly and effectively introduce quotations into your writing: 1. with a complete sentence 2. with an explanatory phrase 3. with only short quotes in your sentence 4. with part of the quote paraphrased

“ Introducing a Quote • To demonstrate how to introduce a quote, we will use an excerpt from Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. ’s I Have a Dream speech. • Delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. • August 28, 1963 • Lincoln Memorial, Washington D. C.

Introducing a Quote “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character. ”

“ Introducing Quotes 1. Introduce your quote with a complete sentence • If you introduce your quote with a complete sentence that describes the quotation or provides information about it, you must punctuate it with a colon before inserting the quote.

“ Introducing Quotes EXAMPLE In his I Have a Dream speech, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. had a dream: “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character. ”

“ Introducing Quotes EXAMPLE In his I Have a Dream speech, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. had a dream: “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation Complete sentence where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character. ”

“ Introducing Quotes EXAMPLE In his I Have a Dream speech, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. had a dream: “I have a dream that my four little children will one daya live in a nation Punctuate with colon where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character. ”

“ Introducing Quotes EXAMPLE In his I Have a Dream speech, Dr. Set quote apart with quotation marks Martin Luther King Jr. had a dream: “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character. ”

“ Introducing Quotes 2. Introduce your quote with an explanatory phrase • Begin your sentence with a phrase that introduces the quote, and then punctuate with a comma before including the quote.

“ Introducing Quotes EXAMPLE • In his famous I Have a Dream speech, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. said, “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. ”

“ Introducing Quotes EXAMPLE • In his famous I Have a Dream speech, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. said, “I have a dream that my four little children will Explanatory phrase one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. ”

“ Introducing Quotes EXAMPLE • In his famous I Have a Dream speech, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. said, “I have a dream that my four little children will Punctuate with a comma one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. ”

“ Introducing Quotes EXAMPLE Set apart withaquotation marks • In quote his famous I Have Dream speech, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. said, “I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. ”

Introducing Quotes 3. Include only short quotes in your sentence • When including short quotations in your own writing, you should stick to just a few words. • Place quotation marks around the author’s original words and punctuate the sentence as you normally would.

“ Introducing Quotes EXAMPLE • Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. dreamed of a day when his children would only be judged by the “content of their character. ”

“ Introducing Quotes EXAMPLE • Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. dreamed of a day when his Quoted material children would only be judged by the “content of their character. ”

“ Introducing Quotes EXAMPLE Set quote apart with quotation marks • Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. dreamed of a day when his children would only be judged by the “content of their character. ”

“ Introducing Quotes 4. Introduce your quote by paraphrasing it • Begin your sentence by paraphrasing the quote, and then finish the sentence with the quote.

“ Introducing Quotes EXAMPLE • Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. dreamed of a day when his four children would “not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. ”

“ Introducing Quotes EXAMPLE Paraphrased text • Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. dreamed of a day when his four children would “not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. ”

“ Introducing Quotes EXAMPLE Set quote apart with quotation marks • Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. dreamed of a day when his four children would “not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. ”

“ Introducing Quotes More Examples for Introducing Quotes § According to (include source here), “put quote here” (in -text citation). § According to (include source here), (put paraphrased, researched information here) (in-text citation). § For example, the traffic light “put quote here” (in-text citation). § For instance, (put paraphrased, researched information here) (in-text citation).

“ CITE THE QUOTE

Two Major Ways to Cite • Depending on your teacher, professor, or subject area, you will either cite your quotations using MLA or APA format. • MLA = Modern Language Association • APA = American Psychological Association

“ MLA Format • MLA format is more common in high school settings. • Most liberal arts and humanities classes follow MLA format.

“ APA Format • APA format is more common in undergraduate and post baccalaureate classes. • APA format is usually used in the science fields.

Citing in MLA Format • When you cite in MLA format, you will need to include 2 different kinds of citations in your paper. • In-text citation (a. k. a. parenthetical citation) • Works Cited Page

“ In-Text Citation • An in-text citation is a reference to the original author or speaker embedded in the text of the paper. In-text citations quickly alert the audience to the original source and make it easy for the audience to fine the citation in the Works Cited Page.

“ Works Cited Page • A Works Cited Page is a separate page or set of pages at the end of a document containing an alphabetical listing of all of the sources used within the paper. • Each citation included in the page is formatted according to MLA or APA standards.

Citing in MLA Format Follow this simple equation to cite your quote in MLA format. Open and close the quote with quotation marks. Introduce your quote “quote” (citation). Always introduce your quote. Never start a sentence with a quote. Set the citation apart with parenthesis. The period goes after the citation

Citing in MLA Format Introduce your quote “quote” (citation). This citation will be the first entry from the Works Cited Page. If you include the Author’s last name in the quote introduction, you only need to include the page number. If not, you include the author’s last name and the page number.

How to Cite Web Sources Entire Web site Author’s or Editor’s last name, first name [if given]. Title of Web site. Name of sponsoring institution or organization [if given]. Last update or original publication date. Web. Date accessed.

How to Cite Web Sources Article from a Web site Author’s or Editor’s last name, first name [if given]. “Title of Article. ” Title of Web site. Date of last update or original publication date. Web. Date accessed.

How to Cite Web Sources Online Database Article Author’s or Editor’s last name, first name [if given]. “Article Title. ” Database Title. Copyright date [edition]. Online Publisher or sponsoring institution. Web. Date accessed.

How to Cite Print Sources Encyclopedia Author’s last name, first name. [if available] “Article Title. ” Title of Encyclopedia. Year Published. Print.

How to Cite Print Sources Book with an Editor’s last name, first name, ed. Title of Book. City of publication: Publisher, Date published. Print.

How to Cite Print Sources Book with one Author Last name, first name. Title of Book. City of publication: Publisher, Date published. Print.

In-Text Citations • An in-text citation is a citation in the text of your writing to let your readers immediately know where you got your source *Your parenthetical citation will be the first part of the entry from the Works Cited page *The period goes outside of the parenthesis.

MLA Citations In-text (parenthetical) Citation Columbia University Professor Jeffrey Johnson spent seventeen years recording the viewing habits of children in 707 families in Upstate New York and found that the ones “who watched one to three hours of television each day. . . were 60% more likely to be involved in assaults and fights as those who watched less TV” (“Research on the Effects of Media Violence”). Works Cited Entry Works Cited “Research on the Effects of Media Violence. ” Media Awareness Network. 2005. Web. 12 Mar. 2005

Works Cited Entry for a Book In-text Citation The ideal context for identity formation is “a supportive and respectful family” (Levine 169). Works Cited Entry Works Cited Levine, Madeleine, Ph. D. See No Evil: A Guide to Protecting Our Children from Media Violence. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1998. Print.

“ EXPLAIN THE QUOTE

“ Explain the Quote • After your introduce and cite the quote, you still need to explain the quote. • There are many ways to explain quotes: • Provide analysis that connects the quote to your main idea and topic sentence • Explain why it is important and relevant • Make sure the quote supports your topic sentence/main ide/thesis

“ Explain the Quote Here are some sentence starters to help you explain your quote. • This proves that… • This illustrates… • This shows that… • This highlights the difference between…

“ IMPORTANT THINGS TO REMEMBER

“ QUOTE IT! Checklist • Your introduction and the quote must be grammatically consistent. CORRECT EXAMPLE In his speech, Dr. King said, “it would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of this moment. ” The introduction and the quote are grammatically consistent in this sentence.

“ QUOTE IT! Checklist • You can change a word in a quote to make it grammatically consistent with your introduction if you place [ ] around the new word. • A quote must be less than four lines long. Otherwise you will need a block quote. • The quote must support your thesis or topic sentence. Otherwise it isn’t relevant.

Example (Topic Sentence) The invention of the traffic light by Garrett Morgan made automotive transportation safer. quote and citation introduction Before the traffic light’s invention, “it was not uncommon for bicycles, animal-powered carts and motor vehicles to share the same thoroughfares with pedestrians. Accidents frequently occurred between the vehicles” (Federal Highway Administration). After the invention and implementation of the traffic light, the number of collisions was reduced and thus created a safer environment for automobile travel. explanation