A knowledgebased Assistant for realtime Planning and Execution

A knowledge-based Assistant for real-time Planning and Execution of PSS Engineering Change Processes Michael Abramovici, Youssef Aidi IT in Mechanical Engineering (ITM) Ruhr University Bochum, Germany 7 th CIRP IPSS Conference Saint-Étienne, May, 22 th, 2015

Outline Current Situation and Requirements The Knowledge-based Engineering Change (EC) Assistant EC Modeling Assistant EC Information Assistant EC Ontology EC Change Engine Conclusion and Future Work ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 1

Engineering Changes (EC) Engineering Change Process The Process of Requesting, Determining Attainability, Planning, Implementing, and Evaluating of Changes to a System Triggers Types § § § § § Technological Environmental Economic Political Social … Improvement Corrective Iteration Adaptive to new Requirements § … ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne Change Objects § § § Whole product Component Software Service … 2

Current Engineering Change Processing Approach Planning Execution EC Process Manager § Fix planned EC Processes for all Changes § Poor Responsiveness to Unforeseeable Events § Delays and exceeded Costs § Changes occur at Provider Side during the Creation Phase ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 3

Product-Service-Systems requires a new Engineering Change Processing approach Services Creation Operation Suppliers Provider Customer Paradigms of PSS § Selling “value in use” Instead Simple Products § Shared Value Creation during the Lifecycle of PSS (Provider, Customer, Supplier) § Adaptability of PSS to Changing Boundary Conditions ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne Requirements to EC Processing § Prompt Reaction to Unpredictable Changes § Consideration of Process Knowledge § Real-time Definition and Execution of Process Activities 4

Outline Current Situation and Requirements The Knowledge-based Engineering Change (EC) Assistant EC Modeling Assistant EC Information Assistant EC Ontology EC Change Engine Conclusion and Future Work ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 5

How can EC Process Managers be Supported by real-time Planning and Exection of EC Processes? Adaptive Change Process A knowledge-based Assistant for Real -time Planning and Execution of PSS Engineering Change Processes § Goal-oriented Process Modeling § Adequat Defintion of Activities § Permanent Process Evaluation § Optimal Assignment to human Ressources § Information Aquisition What must be achieved? How it could be achieved? Which human Resources are required? Is the Process running smoothly? Change Process Manager ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 6

Adaptability is given by the Distinction between WHAT must be achieved and HOW it is to be achieved WHAT to achieve? Goal § Company Specific Abstract EC Process Model § Hierarchy of Goals § Milestones within the EC Process Subgoal HOW to achieve § Consideration of the EC Context Activity pool § Selection of Appropriate Activites § Asignment to Available Ressources ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 7

Agile and intelligent Approach to tackle Changing Boundary Conditions § Goal-oriented Process Modeling Approach § Intuitive Process Information Provision EC Process Manager § Knowledge-based Process Evaluation § Real-time Definition and Execution of Process Activities EC Process Engine § Close Integration of Partners and Flexible Integration within the Enterprise System Landscape Enterprise Systeme (PLM, ERP, …) ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 8

Outline Current Situation and Requirements The Knowledge-based Engineering Change (EC) Assistant EC Modeling Assistant EC Information Assistant EC Ontology EC Change Engine Conclusion and Future Work ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 9

Goal-oriented Requirement Language (GRL) Description of the Hierarchy of Goals, which are achieved by Execution of an EC Process § Modeling and Reasoning of Goal Structures § Higher Level of Modeling § Integration of Goals, Activities and Roles. Relationships § Contribution § Decomposition (AND, OR, XOR, NOR) § Dependency § Belief ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 10

Goal-oriented Change Process Model § Analysis of Common Reference Change Processes § Identification of Change Process Goals § Identification of Process Activities § Definition of Relationships § Assignment to Actors ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 11

Outline Current Situation and Requirements The Knowledge-based Engineering Change (EC) Assistant EC Modeling Assistant EC Information Assistant EC Ontology EC Change Engine Conclusion and Future Work ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 12

Information Assistant for a better EC Process Understanding (1/4) Actor View Goal View Activity View Document View ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 13

Information Assistant for a better EC Process Understanding (2/4) Actor View Goal View Activity View Document View ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 14

Information Assistant for a better EC Process Understanding (3/4) Actor view Goal view Activity view Document view ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 15

Information Assistant for a better EC Process Understanding (4/4) Actor View Goal View Activity View Document View ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 16

Outline Current Situation and Requirements The Knowledge-based Engineering Change (EC) Assistant EC Modeling Assistant EC Information Assistant EC Ontology EC Change Engine Conclusion and Future Work ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 17

Ontology for EC Process related Knowledge Description Formal Representation of Knowledge as a Hierarchy of Concepts within a Domain § § Description of the Elements and the Context of a Change Process Knowledge Modeling through Complex Relationships and Rules Integration of Instance Information Reasoning Mechanisms Allowing the Generation of Knowledge Components § § § Classes (concepts) Attributes Relations Rules Axioms Events ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne Classes of the EC Process Ontology 18

The Engineering Change Process Ontology § Change Content § Change Object § Administrative Change § Document Operative Change Document § Change Organization § § Change Partner Change Organization Change Actor Change Role § Change Process § Change Phase § Change Process Goal § Change Process Activity ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 19

Example for EC Process Knowledge Description using an Ontology Goal Contribute to Activity Is generated during Document Is executed by Actor Role Has role ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 20

Example for EC Process Knowledge Description using an Ontology Problem Report released Is involved by Contribute to Describe Problem Is generated during Contribute to Describe Problem Report Is executed by Is generated during Problem Report Is executed by Is generated by Machine Operator Has role Change Initiator Machine Operator Reasoned Evidences ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 21

Outline Current Situation and Requirements The Knowledge-based Engineering Change (EC) Assistant EC Modeling Assistant EC Information Assistant EC Ontology EC Change Engine Conclusion and Future Work ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 22

Execution of EC Process Activities Goal Activity § Instantiation of Process Activities Engineering Change Engine § Execution of Activity Steps § Control of the Process § Interaction with Human Tasks Webservice § Recording of Events Webservice Enterprise Systemes (PLM, ERP, …) ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 23

Outline Current Situation and Requirements The Knowledge-based Engineering Change (EC) Assistant EC Modeling Assistant EC Information Assistant EC Ontology EC Change Engine Conclusion and Future Work ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 24

Conclusion and Future Work Conclusion The proposed EC Process Assistant provides: § Goal-oriented Process Modeling Environment § Ontology for EC Process Knowledge Representation § Permanent Evaluation of EC Processes § Navigation-based EC Process Information Provision § Standard BPEL Workflows for Real-time Execution of Process Activities Challenges § Modeling of Company Specific Ontology § Validation in the Industry § IT Infrastructures ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne future work § Integrated IT Solution § Coupling of the Change Ontology to Product Ontologies § Impact and Propagation Evaluation 25

Prototype Views PSS Structure Process Goals Available Actors Process Goal Contribution Decomposition Appropriate Roles Process Activity Appropriate Activities Assigned Actor Appropriate Documents Reports about Plausibility of Actions ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 26

Contact Dipl. -Ing. Youssef Aidi Ruhr-University Bochum Chair of IT in Mechanical Engineering (ITM) Universitätsstraße 150 D-44801 Bochum Tel: +49 234 32 26370 Fax: +49 234 32 14443 Mail: Youssef. Aidi@itm. rub. de "It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent that survives. It is the one that is most adaptable to change" www. itm. rub. de Charles Darwin 1809 -1889 ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 27

EC process manager Enterprise Systeme (PLM, ERP, …) ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 29

Information Assistant Modeling Assistant ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP

PSS Changed PSS to Change ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th

Known Engineering Change Management Approaches ISO 10007: 2003 DIN 199 guidelines for technical productconfiguration and documentationrelease management CMII VDA 4965 recommendation for configuration engineering change management II management § § PLM ERP lates Temp Routine Administrative Workflows Process-oriented and Deterministic Workflows Limitation for Corporate Innovation Skills Poor Responsiveness to Unforeseeable Changes ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 33

Engineering Change Management Needs more Flexibility PSS Changed PSS to Change Triggers § § § Adaptive Change Process Technological Environmental Economic § Prompt Reaction to Unpredictable Changes Political § Consideration of Process Knowledge Social § Real-time Definition and Execution of Process Activities … ITM © Dipl. -Ing. Y. Aidi – 7 th CIRP IPSS, May, 22 th, Saint-Étienne 34