A Introduction of the ABI on GOESR Timothy

A Introduction of the ABI on GOES-R Timothy J. Schmit NOAA/NESDIS/STAR Advanced Satellite Products Branch (ASPB) and many others June 2005 UW-Madison

A few Subject Matter Experts. . . Achtor, Tom; Ackerman, Steve; Antonelli, Paolo; Aune, Bob; Bachmeier, Scott; Baggett, Kevin; Baum, Bryan; Flanagan, Dan; Ellrod, Gary; Feltz, Joleen; Feltz, Wayne; Frey, Rich; Griffin, Michael K. ; Gumley, Liam; Gunshor, Mat; Gurka, James J. ; Hillger, Don; Huang, Allen; Key, Jeff; Knuteson, Bob; Karnauskas, Kristopher; Li, Jun; Mecikalski, John; Menzel, Paul; Moeller, Chris; Mosher, Fred; Nelson, James; Nasiri, Shaima; Olander, Tim; Plokhenko, Youri; Prins, Elaine; Rabin, Bob; Revercomb, Hank; Schmidt, Chris; Schreiner, Tony; Seemann-Wetzel, Suzanne; Sieglaff, Justin; Strabala, Kathy; Sun, Fengying; Tobin, Dave; Uhlenbrock, Nate; Velden, Chris; Wade, Gary; Whittaker, Tom; and Woolf, Hal…

Roadmap • What is ABI? (Next generation Advanced Baseline Imager) • Summary of Bands – Visible/near infrared – Infrared • How might select bands be used? • Summary/More information

GOES-R • Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) • Hyperspectral Environmental Suite (HES) – Disk Sounding – Severe Weather Mesoscale – Coastal Imager • Solar Instrument Suite (SIS) • Space Environment In Situ Suite (SEISS) • Auxiliary Services (AUX) • Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) • Magnetometer (MAG)

GOES-R Program Schedule ABI currently slated for a launch in late 2012 As of: 22 Mar 05

The Advanced Baseline Imager: ABI Current 16 bands 5 bands Spectral Coverage Spatial resolution 0. 64 mm Visible 0. 5 km Other Visible/near. IR 1. 0 km Bands (>2 mm) 2 km Approx. 1 km n/a Approx. 4 km Spatial coverage Full disk CONUS Mesoscale 4 per hour 12 per hour Every 30 sec Every 3 hours ~4 per hour - Visible On-orbit calibration Yes No

ABI spatial coverage rate versus the current GOES Imager ABI coverage in ~5 minutes Current GOES coverage in 5 minutes There are two anticipated scan modes for the ABI: 1) full disk images every 15 minutes + CONUS images every 5 minutes + mesoscale. 2) Full disk every 5 minutes.

MODIS 0. 25 km MODIS 1 km Lake Effect Snow Bands: Visible MODIS 0. 5 km 19 January 2001, 1720 UTC GOES-8 1 km

Visible and near-IR channels on the ABI ou ds Ve g. Cl Ha ze e siz rt. Pa w, Sn o Radiance Ci rru s Ph as e AVIRIS spectra The current GOES has only one visible band.

Visible and near-IR channels on the ABI The ABI visible and near-IR bands have many uses.

While there are differences, there also many similarities for the spectral bands on MET-8 and the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI). Both the MET-8 and ABI have many more bands than the current operational imagers.

ABI Bands Recent Spectral Changes to be consistent with VIIRS

Weighting Functions for the IR channels on the ABI Weighting functions for the standard atmosphere at a local zenith angle of 40 degrees.

ABI and GOES Imager WF by Zenith Angle (20 deg. )

ABI and GOES Imager WF by Zenith Angle (30 deg. )

ABI and GOES Imager WF by Zenith Angle (40 deg. )

ABI and GOES Imager WF by Zenith Angle (50 deg. )

ABI and GOES Imager WF by Zenith Angle (60 deg. )

The large many of uses of the GOES Imager data will continue with the ABI data. This includes, in part…. clouds/fog land/sea surface temperature snow cloud particle size volcanic ash atmospheric motion fires cloud height/emissivity haze/visibility dust severe weather signatures … aerosol products clear sky mask ice detection rainfall hurricane intensity smoke drylines heat islands solar eclipses radiances

There will be many new/improved applications. This includes, in part…. clouds/fog cloud phase snow cloud particle size volcanic ash SO 2 atmospheric motion fires cloud height/emissivity haze/visibility NDVI hurricane intensity … aerosol products land/sea surface temperature ice detection rainfall cloud classification severe weather signatures turbulence ozone radiances dust clear sky mask insolation

Three-color composite (0. 64, 1. 6 and 11 µm) shows the low cloud over the snow and the water versus ice clouds. Snow Low cloud

Volcanic Ash Plume: 11 -12 and 8. 5 -11 μm images One day after the Mt. Cleveland eruption 20 February 2001, 0845 UTC Simulated ABI (11 -12 μm) Simulated ABI (8. 5 -11 μm) UW/CIMSS

GOES-R ABI detects SO 2 plumes Water Vapor Band Difference convolved from AIRS data sees SO 2 plume from Montserrat Island, West Indies SO 2 Plume r e g a m I g S n i E r o O t i G n t o n e m r r n i u l l C i k s o N Current GOES Imager can not detect SO 2 ABI 7. 34 μm – 13. 3 μm

GOES-R and GOES-I/M Simulations of Southern California Fires GOES-12 Simulated 3. 9 micron Data Padua/Grand Prix Fires Date: 27 -Oct-03 Time: 09: 50 UTC GOES-R Simulated 3. 9 micron Data Padua/Grand Prix Fires Date: 27 -Oct-03 Time: 09: 50 UTC Brightness Temperature (K) 12

Mountain Waves in WV channel (6. 7 µm) 7 April 2000, 1815 UTC Simulated ABI Actual GOES-8 Mountain waves over Colorado and New Mexico were induced by strong northwesterly flow associated with a pair of upper-tropospheric jet streaks moving across the elevated terrain of the southern and central Rocky Mountains. The mountain waves appear more well-defined over Colorado; in fact, several aircraft reported moderate to severe turbulence over that region. Both images are shown in GOES projection. UW/CIMSS

GOES water vapor image with turbulence reports

MODIS water vapor image with turbulence reports

GOES-8 Enhanced “V”: IR window May 25, 2000

“ABI” (simulated from MODIS) concentric anvil-layer waves may be indicative of turbulence Enhanced “V”: IR window May 25, 2000

5 March 2001 - Nocturnal Fog/Stratus Over the Northern Plains “ABI” 4 minus 11 μm Difference ABI image (from MODIS) shows greater detail in structure of fog.

5 March 2001 - Nocturnal Fog/Stratus Over the Northern Plains GOES-10 4 minus 11 μm Difference ABI image (from MODIS) shows greater detail in structure of fog.

UW/CIMSS GOES Sounder Ozone and Turbulence

Skin T GOES Sounder ~30 km resolution MODIS 5 km resolution SST GOES Imager 4 km resolution

Using MODIS, MET-8 and AIRS to simulate the spectral bands on the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) (reflectance) “ 0. 47 m” “ 0. 64 m” “ 0. 86 m” “ 1. 38 m” (MODIS) “ 1. 61 m” “ 2. 26 m” (MET-8) (MODIS) “ 6. 95 m” “ 7. 34 m” (AIRS) (MODIS) “ 10. 35 m” “ 11. 2 m” “ 12. 3 m” “ 13. 3 m” (AIRS) (MODIS) “ 3. 9 m” (MODIS) “ 8. 5 m” “ 6. 19 m” (MET-8) “ 9. 61 m” (K)

Using MODIS, MET-8 and AIRS to simulate the spectral bands on the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) “ 0. 47 m” “ 0. 64 m” “ 0. 86 m” “ 1. 38 m” “ 1. 61 m” “ 2. 26 m” “ 3. 9 m” “ 6. 19 m” “ 6. 95 m” “ 7. 34 m” “ 8. 5 m” “ 9. 61 m” “ 10. 35 m” “ 11. 2 m” “ 12. 3 m” “ 13. 3 m”

Similar bands on the GOES-12 Imager “ 0. 47 m” “ 0. 64 m” “ 0. 86 m” “ 1. 38 m” “ 1. 61 m” “ 2. 26 m” “ 3. 9 m” “ 6. 19 m” “ 6. 95 m” “ 7. 34 m” “ 8. 5 m” “ 9. 61 m” “ 10. 35 m” “ 11. 2 m” “ 12. 3 m” “ 13. 3 m”

Using MODIS, MET-8 and AIRS to simulate the spectral bands on the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) Aerosols “ 0. 47 m” Vegetation “ 0. 64 m” Cirrus Clouds “ 0. 86 m” “ 1. 38 m” “ 3. 9 m” “ 6. 19 m” Particle size Snow “ 1. 61 m” Water Vapor “ 6. 95 m” “ 2. 26 m” Upper-level SO 2 “ 7. 34 m” “ 8. 5 m” Total Ozone “ 9. 61 m” Low-level Moisture Surface features “ 10. 35 m” Cloud phase “ 11. 2 m” “ 12. 3 m” “ 13. 3 m”

Insert 2 loops from org. VV on ABI

Visible Near-IR Infrared Approximate spectral and spatial resolutions of US GOES Imagers ~ Band Center (um) GOES-6/7 GOES-8/11 GOES-12/N GOES-O/P GOES-R+ 0. 47 0. 64 0. 86 1. 6 Box size represents detector size 1. 38 2. 2 3. 9 6. 2 6. 5/6. 7/7 7. 3 8. 5 9. 7 10. 35 11. 2 12. 3 13. 3 14 km “MSI mode” 8 4 2

GOES-R The great amount of information from the GOES-R series will both offer a continuation of current product and services, but also allow for improved or new capabilities. These products, based on validated requirements, will cover a wide range of phenomena. This includes applications relating to: weather, ocean, coastal zones, land, hazards, solar and space. The Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI), the Hyperspectral Environmental Suite (HES), the Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM), the space and solar instrument suites (Solar Imaging Suite (SIS) and the Space Environment In-Situ Suite (SEISS) on GOES-R will enable much improved monitoring compared to current capabilities.

http: //cimss. ssec. wisc. edu/goes/abi/ http: //osd. goes. noaa. gov/ http: //www. osd. noaa. gov/ http: //goespoes. gsfc. nasa. gov/goesr_industry. htm

More information -- ABI Research Home page (with a link to all these links): • http: //cimss. ssec. wisc. edu/goes/abi/wf/ NOAA GOES-R page: • http: //osd. goes. noaa. gov/ GOES and MODIS Galleries: • http: //cimss. ssec. wisc. edu/goes/misc/interesting_images. html • http: //www. ssec. wisc. edu/~gumley/modis_gallery/ ABI Documentation from NASA: • http: //goespoes. gsfc. nasa. gov/abihome. htm ABI Simulated Spectral Response functions: • ftp: //ftp. ssec. wisc. edu/ABI/SRF 2005 AMS BAMS article by Schmit et al.

Fourth GOES-R Users’ Conference: • May 1 -3, 2006: – Location: Broomfield CO – Will focus on User Readiness For more info: • http: //www. osd. noaa. gov/announcement/index. htm 44