A European Refugee Crisis or a Humanity Crisis

A European Refugee Crisis or a Humanity Crisis? Center for African Studies/Fall 2017 Elsadig Elsheikh/Global Justice Program October 10, 2017

Agenda Why This Report § The largest human migration in a century § Drivers of global forced migration Forces & Dynamics of Global Forced Migration I. Historical forces & dynamics § Colonialism § World War II § The Cold War II. Contemporary forces & dynamics § Neoliberalism § Securitization § Climate change Who Host Most Refugees Today? Policy Interventions § Global § National Q&A 2

Purpose of the Report Moving Targets aims to: § Outline the causes of forced migration in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, from the mass displacement in the World War II era, to the current mass displacement of people primarily from the Middle East, Asia, and Africa; § Recount the origins and evolution of refugee protection mechanisms; § Account for why displaced peoples largely come from the Global South, why the Global South hosts the vast majority of the displaced, why so many seek long-term refuge in the Global North, and why the response in the Global North has been limited; § Attend to the different histories and dynamics of forced migration in the Americas, the Caribbean, Africa, Asia, and the Pacific; § Account for the ways in which climate change has shaped the current refugee landscape and forced migration more broadly; § And envision a set of policy interventions that can not only help establish a more comprehensive and equitable global refugee regime, but also help prevent the future production of refugees. 3

Ai Weiwei’s Human Flow Trailer https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=DVZGy. Tdk_BY 4

The Largest Human Migration Waves in a Century 5

Drivers of Global Forced Migration 6

Colonialism 7

World War II 8

The Cold War and the Refugee Protections 9

Neoliberalism and Forced Migration 10

Securitization and Forced Migration 11

Climate Change and Forced Migration 12

Who Host Most Refugees Today? 13

Who Host Most Refugees Today? 14

Policy Interventions Global & Cross-Sector §Reassess and develop a new refugee regime. §Policies that incentivize the involvement of new actors. §Policies that expand refugee resettlement program. §Policies that redistribute resources within the Global North toward resident refugee populations. §Policies that expand responsibility burden sharing of hosting and resettle refugees. §Policies that end the neoliberal debt regime that shackle global south economies. National & Intergovernmental §Policies that benefit society (and disadvantaged groups within it) and unlock the multiplier effects of integration. §Policies that join sustainable development goals with refugee governance. §Policies that account for global climate-induced displacement, including land resource grabs’ foreign direct investments. §Policies that reduce the criminalization of refugees & asylum seekers. 15

Q A &