A Aortic Pressure 120 Mm Hg Ventricular Pressure

A Aortic Pressure 120 Mm Hg Ventricular Pressure The P wave denotes atrial depolarization. Ventricular Volume 130 ml P EKG 0 40

B Aortic Pressure 120 Mm Hg Contracting atria cause ventricular volume and pressure to increase – See units to the right Ventricular Pressure Ventricular Volume 130 ml P EKG 0 PR interval of EKG Atria depolarized and contracting 40

C Aortic Pressure 120 Mm Hg Ventricular Pressure Preload – Usually represented as the pressure immediately preceding ventricular contraction Ventricular Volume 130 ml P EKG 0 40

Following ventricular depolarization the 120 ventricles begin to contract this causes the pressure in the ventricles to begin to Mm Hg rise and the AV valves close. However, since all the valves are now shut…… 0 Aortic Pressure Ventricular Pressure ventricular volume remains constant as no blood can leav (isovolumetric) Ventricular Volume P EKG QRS represents depolarization of the ventricles 130 ml 40 D

E AV valves close Aortic Pressure Ventricular Volume P QRS EKG To review, the QRS wave denotes ventricular depolarization. This is followed by ventricular contraction causing pressure in the ventricles to begin to rise. This intraventricular pressure increase immediately closes the AV valves. 120 Mm Hg 0 130 ml 40

AV valves close Aortic Pressure Semilunar valves open Ventricular Pressure Ventricular Volume F P QRS EKG As pressure builds in the 120 ventricles all the valves remain shut. Aortic and pulmonary artery Mm Hg pressures oppose opening of the 0 respective valves. They remain closed until 130 ventricular pressures very slightly exceed the ml arterial pressures in these vessels. When this pressure is achieved, the 40 pulmonary and aortic valves open.

AV valves close 120 Aortic Pressure Semilunar valves open Ventricular Pressure Ventricular Volume As long as ventricular pressure exceeds arterial Mm Hg pressure, blood is squeezed out of the 0 ventricles and their volume decreases. 130 ml 40 P QRS EKG G

AV valves close H Aortic Pressure Semilunar valves open Ventricular Pressure Afterload Preload 120 Mm Hg 0 Afterload is the intraventricular 130 pressure required to cause blood to ml exit the ventricles. It varies throughout the ejection phase. 40 Ventricular Volume P QRS EKG F,

AV valves close I Aortic Pressure Semilunar valves open Afterload Ventricular Pressure 120 Mm Hg Note that aortic 0 pressure is lower 130 than ventricular pressure while blood is exiting ml the ventricle Ventricular Volume 40 P QRS EKG F,

AV valves close 120 After a period of time the ventricles cease to contract and begin relaxing. Mm Hg When this occurs, the pressure in the 0 ventricles drops below arterial 130 pressure and the aortic and pulmonary valves ml are pushed shut by backflow of 40 blood into their chambers. Aortic Pressure Semilunar valves open Ventricular Pressure Semilunar valves close Ventricular Volume J P QRS EKG F,

AV valves close 120 Aortic Pressure Relaxation Mm Hg begins after the T wave of the 0 EKG. With the aortic valve 130 shut, ventricular pressure drops ml but volume stays constant (isovolemic) because all the 40 valves are closed. Ventricular Pressure Semilunar valves close Ventricular Volume K P QRS EKG T F, J,

AV valves close 120 Aortic Pressure When ventricular pressure is Mm Hg less than atrial 0 pressure the AV valves 130 open and blood enters the ventricles ml which increases 40 their volume. Semilunar valves open Ventricular Pressure Semilunar valves close Ventricular Volume L P QRS EKG T F, J,

AV valves close 120 Aortic Pressure Please take note on this panel when the valves open and close and what events are associated with their opening and closing. Semilunar valves open Ventricular Pressure Semilunar valves close Ventricular Volume AV valves open M P QRS EKG T F, J, Mm Hg 0 130 ml 40

Systole AV valves close 120 Aortic Pressure Ventricular systole is that Mm Hg time when the ventricles are 0 contracting and includes the isovolumetric 130 contraction and ejection ml phases. Semilunar valves open Ventricular Pressure Semilunar valves close Ventricular Volume AV valves open N 40 P QRS EKG T F, J,

Diastole AV valves close 120 Aortic Pressure Ventricular Mm Hg diastole is that time 0 when the ventricles are 130 relaxed. Semilunar valves open Ventricular Pressure Semilunar valves close Ventricular Volume ml AV valves open O 40 P QRS EKG T F, J,

AV valves close AV valves open Aortic Pressure Semilunar valves close Semilunar valves open 120 Left Ventricular Pressure Mm Hg Left Ventricular and aortic pressure profiles. 0

AV valves close AV valves open Aortic Pressure Semilunar valves close Right Ventricular Pressure Semilunar valves open 120 Left Ventricular Pressure Pulmonary Artery Pressure Mm Hg 0 Right ventricular and pulmonary artery pressure profiles.

120 Mm Hg “c” wave (ventricular contraction) “a” wave atrial contraction “v” wave (ventricular filling) 0 Jugular Venous Pressure