9 3 Notes Respiration Cellular Respiration outline I

9. 3 Notes Respiration

Cellular Respiration outline I. III. IV. What is respiration? Where does it occur? Equation: Oxygen or no oxygen Steps of Respiration 1. Glycolysis 2. If oxygen: citric acid cycle electron transport chain total ATP 2. If no oxygen: lactic acid fermentation alcoholic fermentation VI. Photo vs. Resp

n How do PLANTS obtain energy? n n How do Animals/Other Organisms obtain energy? n n PHOTOSYNTHESIS: n MAKE FOOD - SUGAR Eating plants & animals How do Animals convert FOOD to ENERGY? n Cellular Respiration

n Cellular respiration— Process when Mitochondria breaks down food molecules n Make energy (ATP) n

Let’s try to write the equation for respiration: n HINT: it’s the opposite of photosynthesis!

Respiration equation C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + energy

Oxygen or NO oxygen? !? ! n Aerobic: reaction that requires Oxygen n Anaerobic: reaction that does NOT require Oxygen

3 stages of cellular respiration: 1. Glycolysis n Location : cytoplasm n Breaks down glucose (sugar) = n n Smaller Molecules (2 pyruvic acid) Produces 2 molecules of ATP (energy) (it really makes 4 ATP but uses up 2) Digestion Glycolysis

After Glycolysis W/ Oxygen (aerobic) 2. Citric Acid Cycle (Kreb’s Cycle) n Location: mitochondria n Every glucose molecule forms 1 ATP n Byproduct: CO 2 Citric acid cycle

After Citric Acid Cycle w/ Oxygen (aerobic) 3. Electron transport chain n n Location: mitochondria Electrons passed through mitochondria membrane Produces water and 32 ATP molecules Occurs because of O 2 Mitochondria membrane Electron Transport Chain

ATP Production n Glycolysis = 2 ATP n Citric Acid Cycle (Krebs) = 2 ATP n Electron Transport Chain = 32 ATP n TOTAL = 36 ATP

2 Stages of Cellular Respiration— (anaerobic) 1. Glycolysis n n Location: cytoplasm Breaks down glucose (sugar) = smaller molecules (2 pyruvic acid) Produces 2 molecules of ATP (energy) Digestion Glycolysis

After Glycolysis if No Oxygen (anaerobic) is Present: 2. Fermentation n Anaerobic Respiration n When ? No Oxygen present n 2 types

n Lactic acid fermentation n Supplies energy when not enough oxygen n Produces: 2 molecules ATP n Lactic acid: byproduct in muscle cells builds up n Burning sensation n Occurs during strenuous exercise n

n Alcoholic fermentation n Used in yeast cells & some bacteria n Byproducts: carbon dioxide & alcohol n Makes 2 ATP n Used : making bread and beer

Comparison of PS and CR Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Makes food Breaks down food Requires Energy Makes energy Occurs in the Chloroplast (only in plant cells) Occurs in the mitochondria (in all living cells)

Eat Food Cellular Respiration Digestion Glycolysis Oxygen is present Aerobic respiration No oxygen is present Fermentation (anaerobic respiration) Citric acid cycle Electron transport chain In yeast In animals Alcoholic fermentation Lactic acid fermentation

Photosynthesis vs. Respiration Makes food n Requires energy n Occurs in chloroplast (only plant cells) n breaks down food makes energy occurs in mitochondria (all living cells)