9 3 Industrialization Spreads The Industrialization that begins

9. 3 Industrialization Spreads The Industrialization that begins in Great Britain spreads to other parts of the world.

Industrial Development in the United States n n n U. S. has natural and labor resources needed to industrialize Samuel Slater, English textile worker, builds textile mill in the U. S. Lowell, Massachusetts is a mechanized textile center by 1820 Manufacturing towns spring up around factories across the country Young single women flock to factory towns, work in textile mills Clothing and shoemaking industries soon mechanize

Industrial Development in the United States n Later Expansion of U. S. Industry n n n Industrialization picks up during post-Civil War technology boom Cities like Chicago expand rapidly due to location on railroad lines Small companies merge to form larger, powerful companies

Industrial Development in the United States n The Rise of Corporations n n n Stock—limited ownership rights for company, sold to raise money Corporation—company owned by stockholders, share profits not debts Large corporations attempt to control as much business as they can

Continental Europe Industrializes n Troubles in Continental Europe n n Revolution and Napoleonic ward disrupted early 19 th-century economy Beginnings in Belgium has iron ore, coal, water transportation n British workers smuggle in machine plans and start companies in 1799 n

Continental Europe Industrializes n Germany Industrializes n n Political, economic barriers; but industry, railroads boom by mid-century Expansion Elsewhere in Europe n n Bohemia develops spinning; Northern Italy mechanizes silk textiles Industrialization in France more measured; agriculture remains strong

The Impact of Industrialization n Rise of Global Inequality n n n Wealth gap widens; non-industrialized countries fall further behind European nations, U. S. , Japan exploit colonies for recourses Imperialism spreads due to need for raw materials, markets

The Impact of Industrialization n Transformation of Society n n n Europe and U. S. gain economic power African and Asian economies lag, based on agriculture, crafts Rise of middle class strengthens democracy, calls for social reform