8 th Social Studies CRT Review Questions from

8 th Social Studies CRT Review Questions from SDE

The idea expressed by President Lincoln in the quotation below is most like an idea expressed in the Any people anywhere, being inclined and having the power, have the right to rise up and shake off the existing government, and form a new one that suits them better. — Abraham Lincoln, 1848 A B C D Magna Carta. U. S. Constitution. Mayflower Compact. Declaration of Independence.

What action was George Washington asking the Continental Congress to take? I am convinced that our system of temporary enlistments has prolonged the war… We may expect everything from ours that a militia is capable of, but we must not expect…service for which regulars alone are fit… The constant fluctuation [change in number] of their men is one of the sources of disgust to the officers. Just when…they have brought their men to some kind of order, they…go home. — General George Washington, 1780 A create a professional army B form an alliance with France C borrow money from the states D purchase munitions from Spain

How did the use of this mechanism effect the cultivation of cotton? The First Cotton Gin A B C D It made growing cotton more profitable. It eliminated the need for slaves to process cotton. It expanded cotton plantation culture to the North. It stopped British cotton textiles from being imported.

Which president best replaces the question mark? A B C D John Quincy Adams Thomas Jefferson Andrew Jackson James Monroe

These events occurred in what order? 1. Louisiana Purchase 2. War of 1812 3. Ratification of the Constitution 4. American Revolution A B C D 2, 1, 4, 3 3, 4, 2, 1 1, 2, 4, 3, 1, 2

Which event occurred before the signing of the Declaration of Independence? A B C D Battle of Saratoga Siege of Yorktown Retreat to Valley Forge Battles of Lexington and Concord

What best explains why these trails are indirect routes? A B C D The routes were laid out without regard to native tribes. The army patrolled these routes to guarantee their safety. Pioneers heading west wanted to enjoy the variety of scenery. Natural barriers such as mountains and deserts had to be safely navigated.

By 1750, colonists viewed the Appalachian Mountains as A B C D a valuable source of raw materials. an easy route to unexplored areas. an extensive agricultural region. a barrier to expansion.

Which numbered state on the map was one of the first to enter the United States? A B C D 1 2 3 4

Which of these conclusions can be made from the graph? A The number of people in cities increased after the American Revolution. B Immigrants to the U. S. after the American Revolution were farmers. C Improvements in transportation brought people to cities. D Employment opportunities decreased in urban areas.

Which of these conclusions about the Election of 1860 is correct? A The Republican Party won with less than half of the popular vote. B The Northern Democratic Party won a majority of the electoral vote. C The Constitutional Union Party won with a majority of votes cast in the west. D The Southern Democratic Party won with support from voters in the northeast.

Which of these can be concluded from the chart? A The West Indies and Southern Colonies were the leading exporters. B The value of exports from New England increased over time. C The Southern and Middle Colonies regulated their exports. D Each year the Middle Colonies were the largest exporters.

This quotation below indicates that George Washington supported To be prepared for war is one of the most effectual means of preserving peace. — George Washington, 1790 A B C D forming two political parties. maintaining a strong national defense. signing treaties with Native Americans. establishing ties with European countries.

Which statement is an opinion about civic responsibilities? A B C D Citizens should write to senators. Citizens can register to vote in elections. Citizens may be required to serve jury duty. Citizens are required to go to court when called.

Which statement is supported by these facts? FACT: There can be only one winner in an election. FACT: The United States traditionally has a two-party system. FACT: Most citizens of the United States do not change their party preference. A B C D Third parties are backed by political extremists. Third parties are harmful to the political system. Third parties have had difficulty winning elections. Third parties have often outpolled the major parties.

What is the meaning of this motto? The motto on the Great Seal of the United States of America is E Pluribus Unum, a Latin phrase that means “out of many, one. ” A A unified nation was formed from the various states. B A single government was formed with three branches. C A unified country was formed on territory from many nations. D A single nation was formed by leaders with many backgrounds.

Why did the writers of the Constitution included this statement? We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. —Preamble to the U. S. Constitution A B C D to demonstrate their belief in free speech. to limit the power of the legislative branch. to state their reasons for creating the government. to guarantee equal power among levels of government.

The quotation refers to the reasons for writing the The desire to create ‘a more perfect union’ was more than just a way to make government more efficient; it was necessary for the very survival of an independent United States. A B C D Mayflower Compact. Articles of Confederation. United States Constitution. Declaration of Independence.

How did the Proclamation of 1763 increase the tension between the American colonies and Great Britain? A The British king prohibited settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains. B British commanders encouraged Native Americans to attack colonists. C The British government reduced its military protection in the colonies. D British troops collected taxes to pay the war debt of Great Britain.

As a result of the Proclamation of 1763, A B C D taxes were increased on imported tea. Florida was established as a British colony. colonists were required to house foreign soldiers. settlements were barred west of the Appalachian Mountains.

A comparison of these maps shows that one result of the French and Indian War was that A B C D France gained most of the unexplored lands. France lost most of its land in North America. British territory in North America was abandoned. Spanish territory was expanded to the Atlantic Ocean.

Which group led a violent campaign against the Stamp Act of 1765? A B C D Loyalists Minutemen Sons of Liberty Committees of Correspondence

This quotation shows the reaction of colonial women to the We cannot petition and we cannot march! Yet we can spin, and brew, and refuse to buy! Let Parliament feel the powerful pinch of the Daughters of Liberty! A B C D Stamp Act. Boston Massacre. Battle of Bunker Hill. Declaration of Independence.

The picture shows a colonial protest against British efforts A B C D to raise money by taxing trade in the colonies. to prohibit westward settlement of colonists. to increase commercial activity with France. to stop the sugar trade with the West Indies.

What British policy did American colonists protest at the Boston Tea Party? A B C D trial without jury quartering of troops abolishment of legislatures taxation without representation

What made British enactment of new laws intolerable to many American colonists? A B C D Colonists felt no need for British military protection. American colonists had no representation in Parliament. The French government influenced lawmakers in Britain. The British king could veto the laws passed by Parliament.

Why did Paul Revere make and distribute this engraving of the Boston Massacre? A B C D He wanted to make money by selling the prints. He wanted to turn public opinion against the soldiers. He wanted to convince the colonists to stop the rebellion. He wanted to show the exact details of what happened that day.

Which statement represents the point of view of a Loyalist during the Revolutionary War? A B C D Abandon the Parliament! Support Independence! Long Live the King! Remain Neutral!

Which is the best title for the list? A B C D Colonists Demand Independence Colonists Disagree Over Independence Great Britain Grants the Colonies Independence Great Britain and the Colonies Negotiate Independence

A Discussion Among Colonists JOHN: As citizens of Great Britain, it is our duty to remain faithful to our country and not to encourage this rebellion. ABIGAIL: Not only that, it would be unpatriotic to rebel against the king and our homeland! WILLIAM: Great Britain defended us during the French and Indian War. It is only fair that we should pay for part of the costs of the war. MERCY: You are so wrong. The king is taking advantage of us and has passed unfair laws. I fully support a movement to form a new country. Which document were they most likely discussing? A B C D Maryland Toleration Act Articles of Confederation Declaration of Independence Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Which was a conflict between Great Britain and the colonies? A B C D War of 1812 English Civil War American Revolution French and Indian War

To whom is the Declaration of Independence addressed? When…it becomes necessary for one People to…assume among the Powers of the Earth, the separate and equal Station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature’s God entitle them, a decent Respect to the Opinions of Mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the Separation. — from the Declaration of Independence A B C D citizens in European nations the European monarchs people of the world the colonists

Which phrase from the Declaration of Independence best represents today’s idea of democracy? A B C D 1 2 3 4

Which did the British military use during the American Revolution? A B C D Hessian soldiers Spanish guides French rifles Dutch ships

Which was a main advantage of the colonists during the American Revolution? A B C D better supplies famous leaders superior training familiar territory

How did images like this help the American cause during the Revolutionary War? A They reminded Americans of values they shared with the British. B They persuaded Native Americans to support independence. C They encouraged Loyalists to emigrate from the colonies. D They reinforced a negative opinion about British actions.

One way both men and women supported the American Revolution was by A B C D serving in state legislatures. enlisting in the Continental Army. participating in boycotts of imported goods. voting for delegates to the Constitutional Convention.

Many African Americans supported the American Revolution because they A B C D wanted to preserve the Southern economic system. expected to get land when the war was over. believed they would gain their freedom. hoped to earn free passage to Africa.

Why did some African Americans join the Continental Army during the American Revolution? A They promised loyalty to America in return for land. B They followed the orders of slave owners to fight the British. C They believed a victorious Great Britain would send them to Africa. D They hoped a victorious America would reward them with freedom.

Why was the Battle of Saratoga a turning point in the American Revolution? A The Hessian fighters would no longer fight for Great Britain. B The British military was forced to surrender the city of Boston. C Shipments of food could now reach Americans at Valley Forge. D France was persuaded to give military assistance to the Americans.

Before 1776, few American colonists believed that independence from Great Britain was a good idea. What happened in 1776 to cause more people to support the idea of a revolution? A B C D George III became king of England. Thomas Paine wrote Common Sense. The Federalist Papers were published in New York. Parliament banned colonial trade with the West Indies.

Which battle convinced the British to end its empire in the American colonies? A B C D 1 2 3 4

One reason it took the states from 1777 to 1781 to ratify the Articles of Confederation was the dispute that focused on A B C D national military requirements. foreign relationships. western land claims. local elections.

The Articles of Confederation gave the power to enforce laws to the A B C D legislative branch. individual states. chief executive. federal courts.

The framers of the Articles of Confederation did not create a strong central government because they A B C D feared tyrannical rule. hoped a monarchy would arise. feared indirect contact between states. believed the church should have supreme authority.

What was the main result of the Battle of Yorktown in 1781? A B C D Paul Revere became a national hero. The British captured southern seaports. The United States won its independence. American support for the war fell dramatically.

Who wrote Common Sense? A B C D John Adams John Hancock Thomas Paine George Washington

This passage was most likely written by I have never met a man, either in England or America, who hath not confessed his opinion, that a separation between the two countries, would take place one time or other. And there is no instance in which we have shown less judgment, than in endeavoring to describe, what we call, the ripeness or fitness of the Continent for Independence. A B C D Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence. Alexander Hamilton in The Federalist Papers. William Penn in his treaty with the Indians. Thomas Paine in Common Sense.

One reason the Founding Fathers replaced the Articles of Confederation in 1787 was that the Articles failed A B C D to protect the rights of slaves. to establish a legislative body. to resolve trade disputes between states. to include representation from all the states.

One main problem of the Articles of Confederation was that A B C D the president could easily veto laws. the legislature had difficulty enacting laws. the trade between states was too restrictive. the rights of taxpayers were severely limited.

This quotation indicates that the Articles of Confederation most closely resembled A B C D a bill of rights. a treaty among countries. an unwritten constitution. a statement of grievances.

The main goal of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 was A B C D to prevent Canadian settlers from moving south. to provide a way for new territories to join the Union. to provide for seizure of land from Native Americans. to prevent the legalization of slavery in the Confederacy.

According to the Northwest Ordinance, a territory could apply for statehood when the A B C D people elected a legislature. inhabitants voted to become a state. residents adopted a state constitution. population reached sixty thousand people.

The best title for this list is the A B C D Albany Plan. Monroe Doctrine. Northwest Ordinance. Missouri Compromise.

Why did James Madison write some of The Federalist Papers? A B C D He did not support the new U. S. Constitution. He did not want the United States to go to war. He wanted to be president of the United States. He wanted to respond to critics of the U. S. Constitution.

The framers of the U. S. Constitution viewed natural rights as rights A B C D established by kings. created by the people. granted by government. protected by the government

Based on this quote, which political party was Patrick Henry most likely a member of? My political curiosity…leads me to ask: Who authorized them to speak the language of We the people, instead of We the states? — Patrick Henry 1787 A B C D Democrat Federalist Republican Anti-Federalist

To prevent tyranny, the writers of the U. S. Constitution established A B C D political parties. presidential advisors. separation of powers. executive departments.

What experience led the Founding Fathers to create a limited government with divided powers? A The election of colonial assemblies in New England. B The abuses by Patriot soldiers during the Revolutionary War. C The creation of new colonies from Native American territory. D The tyranny of the British king after the French and Indian War.

Some of the functions of our national government are also carried out by state governments. This is called A B C D separation of powers. checks and balances. popular sovereignty. concurrent powers.

One way federal government powers are limited is that the A B C D president can veto Supreme Court decisions. state governors can nullify United States laws. Bill of Rights protects the freedoms of citizens. state constitutions set qualifications for Congress.

An open and public political debate held in a city park is an example of people exercising A B C D freedom of religion and right to petition. freedom of speech and right to assemble. freedom of the press and right to due process. freedom of religion and the right to bear arms.

What is the most significant difference between the First Amendment and the Sixth Amendment? First Amendment Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble… Sixth Amendment In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial…and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense. A The Sixth Amendment only protects people who can afford a lawyer, while the First Amendment only protects religious leaders. B The First Amendment only protects political leaders, while the Sixth Amendment protects ordinary citizens as well. C The First Amendment protects everyone, while the Sixth Amendment protects people accused of a crime. D The First Amendment has no limits, while the Sixth Amendment has many limits.

In Mc. Culloch v. Maryland, the U. S. Supreme Court supported the principle of A B C D popular sovereignty. implied powers. judicial review. due process.

The effect of the Supreme Court’s decision in Mc. Culloch v. Maryland is that A B C D voting can be completed in private. the U. S. Congress can regulate trade. federal laws are superior to state laws. the president can be sued by U. S. citizens.

Which of the following was made possible by the ruling in Marbury v. Madison? A B C D Congress can override a presidential veto. The president can veto an act of Congress can impeach a Supreme Court justice. The Supreme Court can nullify a law passed by Congress.

Which was a cause of the War of 1812? A The U. S. government claimed British territory. B The British refused to respect neutral trading rights. C The British navy attacked U. S. citizens living in Mexico. D The United States refused to allow British ships in its ports.

Which demonstrated that executive power can be expanded by presidential actions? A B C D enactment of the Northwest Ordinance purchase of the Louisiana Territory establishment of the National Bank organization of the Federalist Party

Which statement does the timeline support? A B C D Great Britain won the last battle of the war. The war was fought entirely from battleships. The United States had Native American allies. News was slow reaching military commanders.

Which was a result of the building of the railroads? A B C D Canals were built in the Southwest. Seaports next to railroads lost business. Markets were expanded for U. S. goods. Cities without railroads gained population.

Which immigrant group best completes the diagram? A B C D Germans Chinese Italians Dutch

Which was a result of the innovation shown on the map above? A B C D The settlement of Western territories increased. The cost of transporting goods rose significantly. Water routes were no longer used to transport raw materials. Railroads were more numerous in the South than in the North.

In the 1850 s, slavery was sustained primarily by a growing European demand for Southern A B C D tea. sugar. cotton. tobacco.

Which statement best explains why the Southern economy was dependent on cotton by the 1850 s? A B C D Banks did not operate in the South. Industry was not developed in the South. Wool production was opposed in the South. Protective tariffs limited profits in the South.

One effect of Eli Whitney’s cotton gin was that A B C D textile mills produced less cloth. wheat farmers planted fewer acres. cotton cloth became less expensive. plantation slaves worked fewer hours.

Which was most responsible for sustaining slavery in the 19 th century? A B C D the demand for Southern agricultural products the absence of a rigid social class structure the desire to educate African Americans the need for profits to build railroads

Dependence on slavery in the South before the Civil War resulted in A B C D a large immigrant population. slow industrial development. fast growth of universities. a large middle class.

Which statement about Evans is supported by the quotation? My father was owned by a rich old boss named Captain Bullmay…De [The] Ulriches sold me when I was a girl to Dr. Odem…and I worked in his field, spun thread to make cloth, pulled fodder [livestock food], …and after a while…he swapped me off for two boys. My new owner was Gilbert Faulkner…I worked in de [the] field for him until we was sot [set] free. — Ann Ulrich Evans, 1937 A She lived in the South. B She owned a cotton farm. C She learned to work in a textile mill. D She used the Underground Railroad.

The Nullification Crisis of 1832 was directly related to the issue of A B C D slavery. nationalism. federal taxes. protective tariffs.

Before the Civil War, Southerners argued that high tariffs protected the interests of A B C D Southern leaders. Southern farmers. Northern importers. Northern industrialists.

In the above conversation, Harry, George, and Tyler are discussing their support of Harry: As citizens of South Carolina, we do not have to go along with laws passed by the federal government if we think they are unconstitutional. George: The Tariff of 1828 is unconstitutional and unfair to the South. Tyler: All states should have the power to veto laws of the national government. A B C D freedom of the press. individual state’s rights. separation of church and state. federal government’s authority.

President Andrew Jackson supported the Indian Removal Act of 1830 because it would A B C D combine many treaties made with various tribes. protect Native American customs and culture. encourage Native American land ownership. make more land available to white settlers.

This type of thinking eventually led to the The Indian tribes, by joining the British in the revolution, had forfeited their rights to possession of lands within the United States; the new country would be justified in compelling the Indians to retire to Canada or to the unknown areas beyond the Mississippi River. Speech in Congress, 1783 A B C D War of 1812. Monroe Doctrine. Removal Act of 1830. Northwest Ordinance.

One cause of the relocation of Native Americans to Oklahoma Territory was the A B C D concept of Manifest Destiny. completion of the Erie Canal. dispute over the Protective Tariff. establishment of a National Bank.

The purpose of the Underground Railroad was to help slaves by A B C D teaching them literacy skills. assisting with their escape to the North. encouraging them to govern themselves. offering them job opportunities in the West.

Nineteenth century abolitionists were opposed to A B C D the institution of slavery. laws to protect workers’ rights. the sale of alcoholic beverages. voting rights for African Americans.

The text of this poster indicates that A B C D the North was a place of safety for slaves. the North offered economic opportunity to slaves. African Americans were often mistreated in the North. African Americans achieved equal political representation in the North.

Which utopian community developed into a successful international corporation? A B C D Brook Farm, Massachusetts New Harmony, Indiana Oneida, New York Nauvoo, Illinois

Robert Owen established New Harmony Colony mainly because he wanted A to show religious beliefs could increase industrial profits. B to create a community based on his father’s social theories. C to profit from cheap labor in the United States. D to start an experimental prison in Indiana.

Which event most influenced the formation of utopian communities like New Harmony and Oneida? A B C D Second Great Awakening Nullification Crisis Mexican War of 1812

Which woman is most closely associated with women’s suffrage? A B C D Dorothea Dix Abigail Adams Harriet Tubman Susan B. Anthony

How did the abolition movement affect the women’s suffrage movement in the 19 th century? A Women’s suffrage benefited from experiences gained in the abolition movement. B Women’s suffrage was abandoned as disagreements emerged over the issue of slavery. C Women’s suffrage lost support as reformers put their energy into abolition. D Women’s suffrage succeeded in enacting national legislation to end slavery.

The headlines above are most closely associated with the work of A B C D Lucretia Mott. Dorothea Dix. Harriet Tubman. Susan B. Anthony.

In 1819, Secretary of State John Quincy Adams described North America as “our proper dominion. ” What did he mean? A The United States did not need to have a foreign policy. B North America was too vast and unfamiliar to be completely explored. C Negotiations would prevent future border disputes with Canada and Mexico. D The destiny of the United States was to expand across the entire continent.

Which statement best explains the concept of Manifest Destiny? A The United States is entitled to expand across the continent. B The United States should spread its culture around the world. C The American nation is filled with the creative energy of immigrants. D The western territories should remain under Native American control.

The philosophy of Manifest Destiny is most associated with A B C D an increased national pride. a desire to eliminate slavery. a decreased interest in the past. an interest in smaller government.

California, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico, and most of Arizona were part of the A B C D Oregon Country. Mexican Cession. Gadsden Purchase. Louisiana Purchase.

The conflict between the United States and Mexico during the 1830 s and 1840 s resulted from A B C D the discovery of oil in Texas. the U. S. blockade of the Gulf Coast. growing democratic reforms in Mexico. increased U. S. immigration into Mexico.

During the 1840 s, the United States’ commitment to this concept led to conflicts with A B C D Mexico and Britain. Canada and Russia. Spain and Mexico. France and Spain.

Which U. S. president was responsible for negotiating the Louisiana Purchase? A B C D John Adams James Monroe Andrew Jackson Thomas Jefferson

This expedition was led by In 1804 the U. S. Congress approved the exploration of land from the western boundary of Louisiana to the Pacific Ocean. A B C D Jim Bridger. Zebulon Pike. Kit Carson and John Fremont. Meriwether Lewis and William Clark.

The Louisiana Purchase contributed to U. S. economic growth by A B C D supplying natural resources to the nation. reducing the foreign debt of the government. limiting the French presence in North America. introducing Native American foods to the world.

What is the name of the darker shaded area? A British Territory B Spanish Territory C Mexican Territory D Louisiana Territory

Where did most immigrants to the United States come from prior to the Civil War? A B C D Greece and Italy China and Japan Mexico and Spain Great Britain and Ireland

The increasing ethnic conflict within the United States in the 19 th century was primarily a reaction to A B C D abolition. nationalism. temperance. immigration.

Irish immigration to the United States led to increased Nativism in the 1840 s because the Irish were A B C D English speaking. Roman Catholics. going west to farm. settling in urban areas.

Who first explored the path that became known as the Oregon Trail? A B C D fur trappers English soldiers gold prospectors Spanish missionaries

Which trails provided the most direct route from. Independence, MO, to Los Angeles, CA? A B C D abolition. nationalism. temperance. immigration.

Which was a result of the discovery of gold in California in 1848? A B C D Many Native Americans benefited by selling land. Few farmers remained in the area ten years later. The state declared independence from Mexico. The population of the region tripled within ten years.

Westward expansion was least beneficial to A B C D miners. merchants. Irish immigrants. Native Americans.

Which statement about the California Gold Rush is true? A B C D Native Americans united to stop the prospectors. Native Americans viewed the migration as an invasion. Miners bought most of their land from Native Americans. Miners respected most of the treaties with Native Americans.

The Cherokee were moved off their lands in the 1830 s for all of the reasons listed except 1. Need for land 2. Racial prejudice 3. Discovery of gold 4. Food shortage A 1. B 2. C 3. D 4.

Before the Civil War, the economy of the South mostly depended on cotton exports to A B C D Great Britain. Canada. Mexico. Spain.

Prior to the Civil War, Southern leaders tried to maintain slavery mainly by A importing more slaves into the South. B investing in industries that needed slave labor. C causing conflict between business and labor in the North. D keeping a balance between the numbers of free and slave states.

One reason that abolition was generally unpopular among northern business owners was that A B C D many Southern farmers purchased slaves in the North. many Southern leaders were originally from the Northern textile mills depended on the South for cotton. Northern factories relied on the South for machine parts.

How did the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) increase tensions between the North and the South? A It financed southern slave owners with federal tax dollars. B It approved a northern route for the transcontinental railroad. C It permitted banks to borrow money from wealthy industrialists. D It allowed the issue of slavery to be decided by popular sovereignty.

Which man most likely said these words? Now if it is deemed necessary that I should forfeit my life…and mingle my blood further with the blood…of millions in this slave country whose rights are disregarded by wicked, cruel and unjust enactments, I say let it be done. — 1859 A B C D Henry Clay John Brown Robert E. Lee Stephen Douglas

The Dred Scott decision directly resulted in A B C D strengthening the abolition movement in the North. weakening the secession movement in the South. electing Abraham Lincoln as president. overturning the Fugitive Slave Law.

Many Southerners believed that the election of Abraham Lincoln would lead to A B C D additional slave states in the union. increased representation for slave states. secession of Southern states from the union. decreased industrialization in Southern states.

What term best completes the graphic? A B C D Slavery Tariffs Immigration Foreign trade

What caused the actions described in this headline? A B C D Southern alarm that the government would increase tariffs Southern fear that the government would abolish slavery Northern worry about Southern territorial expansions Northern anger over Southern property seizures