8 1 Colonial SC Indicators 8 1 3

8 -1 Colonial SC Indicators: 8 -1. 3: Summarize the history of English settlement in New England, the mid. Atlantic region, and the South, with an emphasis on South Carolina as an example of a distinctly southern colony. 8 -1. 6 Compare the development of representative government in South Carolina to representative government in the other colonial regions, including the proprietary regime, the period of royal government, and South Carolina’s Regulator Movement.

8 -1 Colonial SC Indicators: 8 -1. 4: Explain the significance of enslaved and free Africans in the developing culture and economy of the South and South Carolina, including the growth of the slave trade and resulting population imbalance between African and European settlers; African contributions to agricultural development; and resistance to slavery, including the Stono Rebellion and laws to control slaves.

8 -1 Colonial SC Indicators: 8 -1. 5: Explain how South Carolinians used their natural, human, and political resources uniquely to gain economic prosperity, including settlement by and trade with the people of Barbados, rice and indigo planting, and the practice of mercantilism.

Colonial South Carolina Title Page 33 Standard 8 -1 Indicators 8 -1. 3, 8 -1. 4, 8 -1. 5, 8 -1. 6 1 Image with color 3 words that come to mind when you read … “Colonial South Carolina”

8 -1. 3, 8 -1. 4, 8 -1. 5, 8 -1. 6 Vocabulary 1. Lords Proprietors 2. Fundamental Constitution of Carolina 3. Huguenots 4. Governor 5. Grand Council 6. Commons House of Assembly 7. Parliament 8. Middle Passage 9. Gullah 10. Stono Rebellion 11. Negro Act of 1740 12. Eliza Lucas Pinckney 13. Indigo 14. Subsidy 15. Mercantilism 16. Enumerated 17. Salutary neglect 18. Townships 19. Subsistence farm 20. Regulator movement 21. Vigilante 22. Circuit Courthouse

Vocabulary: Rubric – Classwork Grade • Grade of “A”: • 1. Vocabulary Word 2. Clear, effective definition 3. Detailed art; drawing; symbol • 4. Large, neat writing / art • Grade of “B” - Numbers 1 -3 are present BUT work lacks neatness, has spelling errors; little detail Grade of “C” - Missing 1 requirement (1 -3) and work lacks being neat, has spelling errors; little detail Grade of “D” - Missing 2 requirements (1 -3) and work lacks being neat, has spelling errors; little detail Grade of “F” NO!!!

A Little More About that Southern Colony…CAROLINA On March 24, 1663 the British government, led by King Charles II, issued a charter to Eight Lords Proprietors for the land south of Virginia to Florida u The charter gave them almost unlimited power over the land. u

8 Lords Proprietors There were 8 lords to startmany sold their shares to others or lost interest in Carolina. u The man who saved the Colony was Anthony Ashley Cooper – he became the leader of the Lords Proprietors of Carolina. u

In 1669, 100 settlers arrived in the port of Charles Town (today’s Charleston). u They moved up the Ashley River to Albemarle Point. u

Why Choose Charles Town? It was on the Atlantic Coast making it easy for European settlers to arrive there by ship. u Easy trade = easy $$$. u

Non-fiction Writing: Describe who had control of the Carolina government and why? u. TAG!!! u

u u u Settlers who paid their own way to America received large land grants known as headrights, which became plantations. In the 1690’s & 1700’s, rice production became the primary income for SC - “Carolina Gold” Unfortunately, rice was a very high labor intensive crop to produce.

Labor Problems u Indentured Servants -worked to pay off their passage to America • After 7 years, they gained their freedom. • 75% of the population arrived as indentured servants. • BUT there were not enough servants to work plantations; Native American slaves died off or ran away so…African slaves were brought from Barbados and West Africa.

So overall…Who were all these Settlers coming to Carolina? u At first, Englishmen from England British colonies in Barbados (Caribbean) u Then, settlers from: France, Ireland, Germany and Scotland with diverse religious backgrounds u Slaves from Barbados / Africa

Just to clarify: English / British

8 -1. 6 Keeping Safe in Carolina? n Why is Carolina (SC) unsafe? __________________________ n n Privateer: ______________________________ n Dash Notes from Pirate Brainpop: (Min. 3) 1………. 8. _________________

Keeping Safe in Carolina…? ? ? England was at war with Spain in 1702 so they paid little attention to protecting their colonists in America. n One complaint from the Carolina colonists was the Lord Proprietors did not offer enough protection from Native Americans, possible Spanish invaders and pirates > Fear increases… n

n n n Britain vs. Spain – War! Pirates British captains had permission from their British government to seize Spanish ships. British captains were Privateersprivately owned hired to attack enemy ships. Spanish ships were seized and sold - profits were shared among Privateers and their British government. Privateers got greedy and turned into Pirates – a robber of ships at sea.

8 -1. 6 Keeping Safe in Carolina? n The Breakup: When? ________ n What? ________ n n The King makes a BIG change: n _______________________________________

v The Breakup: 1715 - Proprietors argued about solutions (rich guys can’t get along). - The Lords Proprietors had a falling out and it led to North Carolina and South Carolina!!!

English colonists DEMANDED their King step in and change things…they wanted protection and the Lords Proprietors were NOT protecting them from enemies! n So the King made a decision to change Carolina from a Proprietary Colony into a Royal Colony in 1719.

How was the royal colony run? n n n The King was King George the I and then the IIthey were more interested in ruling their own countries than the Colonies. So they allowed a group in Parliament make all the royal decisions about the colonies. The Parliament appointed Royal Governors to the colonies that reported back to them. Each Royal Governor had no set term and could veto any law passed by the Assembly. He also named colonial officials and commanded the militia. Basically the people of the colonies had wanted more protection (which they kinda received), but were losing their rights to make any decisions for themselves!!!

8 -1. 6 Colonial SC Government 1. 2. Directions / Steps: Read 8 -1. 6 Colonial SC Government Section Complete Chart!

South Carolina Government ___________ Appointed ___________________ with ______________________ Bicameral Assembly: Group: ___________________ • _________________________ had more _ voice in government, but still not _________ proportional to population. Representation But now

South Carolina Government __King__ Appointed __Governor__ _With Advice from Parliament Bicameral Assembly Group: Grand Council • ____Elite______ ___Large____ Representation Group: Common House of Assembly _Common People had more voice in government, but still not proportional to population. Now controlled taxes that paid governor’s salary

Nonfiction Writing: Describe how the Carolina/South Carolina government changed when it became a royal colony. Use your charts as a guide! TAG / Cite Textual Evidence

8 -1. 5 / 8 -1. 6 Economy Dash Notes A. Townships: • Encouraged ___________________________ • Why? ________________________________

B. • • SC Lowcountry / Backcountry: Describe Backcountry / Upstate: 1… 2. 3. 4. Describe Lowcountry: 1… 2. 3. 4.

C. From Barbados: • Important Facts – 1… 2. 3. 4. 5. ---SC---

D. Eliza Lucas Pinckney: • Most famous for ________________________ Mercantilism: • What? _________________________________ • Why? _________________________________ • Led to trade – Describe 1… 4.

Township Plan n n Problems in SC: - Treasury empty…No $$$ -Planters / merchants were upset because there were more slaves than whites in colony *Scared of revolts -Natives, Spanish, Pirates – still scary Royal Governor proposed the Township Plan: Province (Town Center) surrounded by townships (land) of 20, 00 acres each. n The Township Plan would increase people in an area, establish local government, courts and law enforcement = More settlers = More safety.

Township Plan New Settlers coming to SC Would get: n Free transportation from Charles town to the townships n Farm tools n Food for a year n Grants of land a town lot n More Safety!

MERCANTILISM Draw in ISN BRITAIN S. CAROLINA

ISN: Which of the following statements would most likely be said by a supporter of mercantilism? 1. A nation should not have colonies because they are too expensive. 2. A nation should allow its colonies to trade with numerous foreign nations. 3. A nation should have colonies to help it get more natural resources and money. 4. A nation should not have colonies because all men are equal.

Now that we’ve talked SC expansion and economy, it’s time to find out what / who drives the South Carolina economy…

u u u Settlers who paid their own way to America received large land grants known as headrights, which became plantations. In the 1690’s & 1700’s, rice production became the primary income for SC - “Carolina Gold” Unfortunately, rice was a very high labor intensive crop to produce.

Labor Problems u Indentured Servants -worked to pay off their passage to America • After 7 years, they gained their freedom. • 75% of the population arrived as indentured servants. • BUT there were not enough servants to work plantations; Native American slaves died off or ran away so…African slaves were brought from Barbados and West Africa.

So overall…Who were all these Settlers coming to Carolina? u At first, Englishmen from England British colonies in Barbados (Caribbean) u Then, settlers from: France, Ireland, Germany and Scotland with diverse religious backgrounds u Slaves from Barbados / Africa

8 -1. 5 / 8 -1. 6 Backcountry Settlement

8 -1. 4 Slavery Timeline ISN

u u u Directions: Create a timeline and place the following ten events in order (include year / general time period on timeline next to event). Use 8 -1. 4 Reading for information. Free Blacks begin leaving SC in large numbers Slaves form Gullah culture in SC Stono Rebellion Middle Passage Begins Slaves outnumbered Whites in Lowcountry SC Tidal rivers make growing rice possible SC Colonial government gave slave-owners the right to free their own slaves Europeans used Natives as slaves British begin bringing slaves from Barbados Slave Codes / Negro Act made law

Back Country Vs Low Country Because of the Township Plan, more people moved to the Backcountry. They started realizing they were NOT treated fairly! n The Backcountry people paid the SAME TAXES as the Lowcountry people, despite the $wealth$ in the Low country. n Backcountry settlers had NO representation in the Commons House. n AND, Backcountry had no law enforcement (Sheriff) and no court system – in Charleston. n

Back Country Vs Low Country n So…if Natives attacked, the Back country would be the first to be hit… n And because of no law enforcement, many Backcountry newcomers were drifters. - not settlers. n Basically the Backcountry got more crowded with horse thieves and robbers. n The SC Royal Governor gave little help to the Backcountry.

Regulator Movement Since Backcountry residents got NO HELP from their colonial government, in the 1760 s, between 600 -700 Backcountry settlers banded together to stop outlaws. n These Regulators formed to stop outlaws from raiding their land. n Their purpose: End crime and disorder in the area (law and order) and establish control of the government. n By the end of the summer, the Regulators had killed a number of outlaws. n

Directions: Copy Chart below onto ISN While watching video, take dash notes about the actions of groups listed below. The Regulator Movement: The Criminals: The Regulators: The Judge:

Districts: n SC Government freaked out and decided to make more changes in Backcountry. n Commons House passed the Circuit Court Act in April 1768 The colony was split into 7 circuit court districts A sheriff was appointed to each district n n

This did not end the bad feelings between the Backcountry and Lowcountry, but it did pacify things for a time.