7 Confusion of Adjectives Adverbs Nishasujatha D Assistant

7. Confusion of Adjectives & Adverbs Nishasujatha D. , Assistant Professor in English, SNMV CAS

Adjectival Complements üThe verbs to be, to seem, to become – meaning – appear, feel, look, grow, turn – followed by an adjective not by an adverb. This year oranges are scarce. He became very angry. The milk turned sour. The sky grew dark. The problem is really a difficult one, though it appears simple.

Adjectival Complements üSome of these verbs like turn, grow, appear - used in different sense – need an adverb. He turned quickly. Those rose trees have grown very rapidly. The newcomer appeared quite suddenly. Move around, increase in size, come into sight

Adjectival Complements üUse adjective after verbs like feel, sound, taste, smell - denoting a quality experienced / appreciated by one of the physical senses. The surface of this table feels rough. That barrel sounds hollow. The fruit tastes bitter. That coffee smells strong.

Words ending in -ly üMany adverbs are made by adding the suffix –ly to an adjective: Foolish, foolishly, quickly, slowly But Adjectives end in –ly fall into two classes

Words ending in -ly üAdjectives & Adverbs without any change -Cowardly, daily, early, fortnightly, hourly, leisurely, nightly, only, weekly, yearly, kindly They came by an early train. They came early. The times is a daily newspaper. The times is published daily.

Words ending in -ly üUsed only as adjectives Brotherly, fatherly, friendly, godly, lovely, manly, seemly She was a very friendly person. She greeted us in a very friendly manner. The times is a daily newspaper. The times is published daily.

Hard, late, most (-ly) üHard - diligently You have worked hard today. He tried hard to win the race. Hard as he tried, he did not succeed. üHardly – scarcely at all He was so changed in appearance that I hardly knew him.

ü Late – after the time expected / towards the end of a specified period of time Every morning this week she has arrived late. The robbery took place late at night. ü Lately – recently (only with perfect tense) Have you read any good novels lately? ü But ‘recently’ – perfect & past tense I have not seen him recently. He told me everything when he visited me recently.

üMost – to the greatest extent / degreee The food that I dislike most is cabbage. The Person who talks most is often the one who does least. üMostly – for the most past The audience consisted mostly of women.

8. Fairly and rather Nishasujatha D. , Assistant Professor in English, SNMV CAS

Fairly / rather v. Fairly Before positive adverbs & adjectives Denoting things desirable / viewed with approval The lecture was fairly interesting. The lecture was fairly well attended. v. Rather Denoting things desirable / viewed with disapproval The lecture was rather boring. The lecture was rather badly attended.

Rather Before comparatives & ‘too’ I am feeling rather better today. You read rather too quickly. Before certain nouns which are descriptive of an attitude towards a person or a thing. It is rather a pity to cut those trees down. She makes rather a fuss about trivial matters.

Rather As an adverb of degree before verbs that express a feeling or an attitude of mind I rather like that picture. I rather wish I had taken your advice.

Thank you Nishasujatha D. , Assistant Professor in English, SNMV CAS