7 3 Genetic Disorders Vocabulary and Graphic Organizers

7 -3 Genetic Disorders Vocabulary and Graphic Organizers

A change in a gene. In some cases, genes are sometimes damaged or copied incorrectly. n o i t i n defi Most mutations are recessive and are not expressed in the heterozygous condition The mutation will only be expressed if both parents pass on the recessive gene. Mutation Harmful mutations can cause genetic disorders

Harmful effects that are produced by mutations finition Sickle cell anemia de Hemophilia In most cases genetic disorders are recessive Genetic disorder Down syndrome Cystic fibrosis

Recessive genetic disorder caused by a mutation in a gene on i t i n fi e d that codes for a transport protein Gene Therapy Cystic fibrosis In the homozygous condition – causes cells in respiratory and digestive systems to produce misshapen transport proteins Researchers have located the gene that causes Cystic fibrosis. Patients have trouble breathing and digesting their food Mucus forms in the lung and pancreas

Healthy copy of the mutated gene is n o i transferred into the defin lungs of cystic fibrosis patients The possibility is still in the stages of research Gene Therapy This could be a potential cure in the near future

Sickle cell anemia Recessive gene disorder caused by mutation in the gene n o i t i n that codes for defi hemoglobin Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that moves oxygen throughout the body Heterozygous condition is resistant to Malaria Causes low blood iron, fatigue, headaches, muscle cramps

Hemophilia Recessive genetic disorder caused by a n mutation on the o i t i fin e d X chromosome Causes the body to build a defective form of a protein needed to clot blood Sex-linked inheritance Carried on the X chromosome. Women are carriers, while men will develop the disorder Small cuts are difficult to heal and internal bleeding could be fatal

Sex-linked inheritance Traits that are determined by genes located on the X chromosome n o i t i n defi

Arises from 3 copies of chromosome 21 n o i t i n defi Physical characteristics: Extra folds in upper eyelids, broad and flattened nose, thick tongue, and mental retardation Down syndrome Occurs in about 1 of every 1000 births

Genetic Counseling and Gene Therapy If one member of the family has Carrier a genetic disorder, it is possible that other members of the family have the recessive gene. Person who is heterozygous for recessive mutation. They are known as a carrier of the gene. on i t i n defi Genetic Counseling

Kids – to have, or not to have pedigree A Genetic counselor will look for a pattern in the family history of genetic disorders to try and determine whether the client is at risk of having children with a genetic disorder A pedigree is a record that shows inheritance patterns over several generations on i t i n defi Genetic Counseling