6 3 Synonymy adj Charming Pretty Beautiful fair

6. 3 Synonymy

adj Charming Pretty Beautiful fair synonyms Beauty noun synonyms belle back

Analysis: (In Greek) synonym συν “syn”=plus όνομα “onoma”=name

n Synonyms synonymous synonymy Words that are synonyms are said to be synonymous, and the state of being a synonym is called synonymy.

Definition: n n n A word or expression that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another in the same language. A word or an expression that serves as a figurative or symbolic substitute for another. One of two or more words in the English language which have the same or very nearly the same essential meaning.

Some points about synonyms: Part of speech（词类） A Likeness in some meanings

n n n n n Likeness in Part of speech baby and infant (noun) buy and purchase (verb) sick and ill (adjective) quickly and speedily (adverb) on and upon (preposition) freedom and liberty (noun) student and pupil (noun) pretty and attractive (adjective)

a likeness in some meanings n n pupil “A child in school” (synonyms) “Aperture in the iris of the eye” student

Question: Does there exist the synonyms identical in meaning in all its aspects? ?

Types of synonyms: n 1) Absolute Synonyms n 2) Relative Synonyms

Absolute synonyms n n Also known as complete synonyms, are words which are identical in meaning in all its aspects, i. e. both in grammatical meaning and lexical meaning including conceptual and associative meanings. E. g. caecitis --- typhlitis scarlet --- scarlatina word-building --- word-formation

Distinction made between absolute and complete synonyms by n n John Lyons Absolute synonyms: the words have the same distribution and are completely synonymous in all their meanings and in all their contexts of occurrence complete synonyms: they are the words that have the same descriptive, expressive and social meaning.

Relative Synonyms n n Also called by some people near-synonyms, are similar or nearly the same in denotation, but embrace different shades of meaning or different degrees of a given quality. E. g. change- alter- vary feline --- cat reject --- decline