6 2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 1

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Slide 1 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Classifying Resources Renewable resources can regenerate, or replenished. Example: trees A nonrenewable resource cannot be replenished by natural processes. Example: oil Sustainable development: using resources without depleting them or without causing long-term environmental harm. Slide 2 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Land Resource Problems Soil erosion is the wearing away of surface soil by water and wind. Desertification is the process by which productive areas are turned into deserts. Slide 3 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Land Resources Prevention strategies • contour plowing—fields are plowed across the slope of the land to reduce erosion • leaving stems and roots of the previous year's crop in place to help hold the soil • planting a field with rye rather than leaving it unprotected from erosion Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 4 of 42 End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Forest Resources: • provide wood for products and fuel. • remove carbon dioxide and produce oxygen. • store nutrients. • provide habitats and food for organisms. • moderate climate. • limit soil erosion. • protect freshwater supplies. Slide 5 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Forest Resources Deforestation has several effects: • Erosion: wash away nutrients in the topsoil. • Grazing or plowing can permanently change local soils and microclimates. Slide 6 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Fishery Resources Fishes and other animals that live in water are a valuable source of food. • Overfishing: reduces the amount of fish that can reproduce • US National Marine Fisheries Service: regulates ocean fishing • Aquaculture: raising fish for human consumption. Slide 7 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Air Resources Smog is a mixture of chemicals that occurs as a gray-brown haze in the atmosphere due to exhausts and emissions. A pollutant is a harmful material that can enter the biosphere through the land, air, or water. The burning of fossil fuels can release pollutants that cause smog and other problems in the atmosphere. Slide 8 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Air Resources Formation of Acid Rain Chemical Transformation Nitric acid Sulfuric acid Emissions to Atmosphere Dry Fallout Nitrogen oxides Sulfur dioxide Industry Condensation Precipitation Particulates Acid rain, fog, Gases snow, and mist Transportation Ore smelting Power generation Slide 9 of 35 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Freshwater Resources Billions of liters of fresh water are used daily for drinking and washing to watering crops and making steel. Water is a renewable resource, but the total supply of fresh water is limited and threatened by pollution. Slide 10 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Forest Resources Sources of pollution include: • improperly discarded chemicals that enter streams and rivers. • wastes discarded on land that seep through soil and enter underground water supplies. • sewage containing compounds that encourage growth of algae and bacteria. • sewage containing microorganisms that spread disease. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 11 of 42 End Show

6 -2 Click to Launch: Continue to: - or - Slide 12 of 42 End Show Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

6 -2 Which of the following is a nonrenewable resource? a. trees b. grasses used by grazing animals c. oxygen in the air d. fossil fuels Slide 13 of 42 End Show Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

6 -2 Which of the following is a sustainable-use strategy that can help prevent desertification? a. contour plowing b. protecting wetlands c. aquaculture d. selective harvesting of trees Slide 14 of 42 End Show Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

6 -2 The advantage of sustainable development is that it a. provides for human needs without depleting natural resources. b. produces additional fossil fuels. c. protects wildlife from hunters and other threats. d. is a natural process that regulates itself. Slide 15 of 42 End Show Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

6 -2 A mixture of chemicals that occurs as a haze in the atmosphere is known as a. smog. b. acid rain. c. particulates. d. fog. Slide 16 of 42 End Show Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

6 -2 Plowing the land removes the roots that hold the soil in place and increases the rate of a. pollution. b. soil erosion. c. deforestation. d. soil formation. Slide 17 of 42 End Show Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

6 -3 Biodiversity Slide 18 of 42 End Show Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources The Value of Biodiversity • Biodiversity: the sum total of the genetically based variety of all organisms in the biosphere. • Ecosystem diversity includes the variety of habitats, communities, and ecological processes in the living world. Slide 19 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources The Value of Biodiversity Species diversity: the number of different species in the biosphere. Genetic diversity: the sum total of all the different forms of genetic information carried by all organisms living on Earth today. Slide 20 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources The Value of Biodiversity is one of Earth's greatest natural resources. Species of many kinds have provided us with foods, industrial products, and medicines—including painkillers, antibiotics, heart drugs, antidepressants, and anticancer drugs. Slide 21 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Threats to Biodiversity Humans can reduce biodiversity by: altering habitats hunting species to extinction introducing toxic compounds into food webs introducing foreign species to new environments Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 22 of 42 End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Threats to Biodiversity Extinction occurs when a species disappears from all or part of its range. A species whose population size is declining in a way that places it in danger of extinction is called an endangered species. As the population of an endangered species declines, the species loses genetic diversity. Slide 23 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Habitat Alteration When land is developed, natural habitats may be destroyed. Development often splits ecosystems into pieces, a process called habitat fragmentation. The smaller a species’ habitat is, the more vulnerable the species is to further disturbance. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Slide 24 of 42 End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Demand for Wildlife Products Throughout history, humans have pushed some animal species to extinction by hunting them for food or other products. Today, in the U. S. , endangered species are protected from hunting. Slide 25 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Demand for Wildlife Product The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, CITES, bans international trade in products derived from endangered species. Slide 26 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Introduced Species Another threat to biodiversity comes from plants and animals that humans transport around the world either accidentally or intentionally. Invasive species are introduced species that reproduce rapidly because their new habitat lacks the predators that would control their population. Slide 27 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Conserving Biodiversity Conservation is the wise management of natural resources, including the preservation of habitats and wildlife. Slide 28 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Conserving Biodiversity Strategies for Conservation Many conservation efforts are aimed at managing individual species to keep them from becoming extinct. Slide 29 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Conserving Biodiversity Conservation efforts focus on protecting entire ecosystems as well as single species. Protecting an ecosystem will ensure that the natural habitats and the interactions of many different species are preserved at the same time. Slide 30 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show

6 -2 Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources Conserving Biodiversity Conservation Challenges Protecting resources for the future can require people to change the way they earn their living today. Conservation regulations must be informed by solid research and must try to maximize benefits while minimizing economic costs. Slide 31 of 42 Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall End Show

6 -3 The type of biodiversity that includes the inheritance information carried by the Earth’s organisms is called a. biological magnification. b. ecological diversity. c. genetic diversity. d. species diversity. Slide 32 of 42 End Show Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

6 -3 Populations of invasive species tend to a. decrease. b. increase rapidly. c. remain constant. d. increase, then decrease. Slide 33 of 42 End Show Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

6 -3 The wise management of natural resources, including the preservation of habitats and wildlife, is known as a. biodiversity. b. conservation. c. habitat alteration. d. ecosystem diversity. Slide 34 of 42 End Show Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

6 -3 By focusing on protecting specific ecosystems, biologists hope to preserve a. global biodiversity. b. biological magnification. c. invasive species. d. habitat fragmentation. Slide 35 of 42 End Show Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

6 -3 In a food pyramid, biological magnification results in the a. increased amount of a toxic substance in organisms at the lowest level. b. increased amount of a toxic substance in organisms at the highest level. c. decreased number of levels in the food pyramid. d. increased amount of a toxic substance in the Slide surrounding air or water. 36 of 42 End Show Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

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