6 1 Types of Chemical Reactions Neutralization aka

6. 1 Types of Chemical Reactions: Neutralization (aka Acid-Base reactions) • Neutralization reactions occur when an acid and a base react to form a salt and water. w An acid (most compounds starting with H) and a base (most compounds ending in OH) react. § Acid + base salt + water § HX + MOH MX + H 2 O where X and M are See page 263 elements (c) Mc. Graw Hill Ryerson 2007

6. 1 Types of Chemical Reactions: Neutralization (aka Acid-Base reactions) w Sulphuric acid is used to neutralize calcium hydroxide: w H 2 SO 4 + Ca(OH) 2 Ca. SO 4 + 2 H 2 O See page 263 (c) Mc. Graw Hill Ryerson 2007

6. 1 Types of Chemical Reactions: Neutralization (aka Acid-Base reactions) w Phosphoric acid helps to neutralize the compounds that cause rust, such as iron (II) hydroxide. w H 3 PO 4 + 3 Fe(OH)2 Fe 3(PO 4)2 + 6 H 2 O See page 263 (c) Mc. Graw Hill Ryerson 2007

6. 1 Types of Chemical Reactions: Combustion • Combustion reactions occur when a compound or element react with oxygen to release energy and produce an oxide. w Also sometimes referred to as hydrocarbon combustion w CXHY + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O where X and Y represent integers See page 264 (c) Mc. Graw Hill Ryerson 2007

6. 1 Types of Chemical Reactions: Combustion w Natural gas (methane) is burned in furnaces to heat homes. w CH 4 + 2 O 2 CO 2 + 2 H 2 O See page 264 (c) Mc. Graw Hill Ryerson 2007

6. 1 Types of Chemical Reactions: Combustion w An acetylene torch is used to weld metals together w 2 C 2 H 2 + 5 O 2 4 CO 2 + 2 H 2 O See page 264 (c) Mc. Graw Hill Ryerson 2007

6. 1 Types of Chemical Reactions: Combustion w Carbohydrates like glucose combine with oxygen in our body to release energy. w C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O See page 264 (c) Mc. Graw Hill Ryerson 2007

6. 1 Types of Chemical Reactions: Summary of Types See page 265 (c) Mc. Graw Hill Ryerson 2007