6 1 Process Selection and Facility Layout Introduction

6 -1 Process Selection and Facility Layout Introduction · Process selection · · Deciding on the way production of goods or services will be organized Major implications Capacity planning · Layout of facilities · Equipment · Design of work systems ·

6 -2 Process Selection and Facility Layout Process Selection and System Design Figure 6. 1 Forecasting Capacity Planning Product and Service Design Technological Change Facilities and Equipment Layout Process Selection Work Design

6 -3 Process Selection and Facility Layout Process Strategy • Key aspects of process strategy – Capital intensive – equipment/labor – Process flexibility – Adjust to changes – Design – Volume – technology

6 -4 Process Selection and Facility Layout Process Selection · Variety · · Flexibility · · Batch How much What degree Job Shop Repetitive Volume · Expected output Continuous

6 -5 Process Selection and Facility Layout Process Types · Job shop · · Batch · · Moderate volume Repetitive/assembly line · · Small scale High volumes of standardized goods or services Continuous · Very high volumes of non-discrete goods

6 -6 Process Selection and Facility Layout Product – Process Matrix Figure 6. 2 Process Type Job Shop Appliance repair Emergency room Not feasible Commercial bakery Batch Classroom Lecture Automotive assembly Repetitive Automatic carwash Continuous (flow) Not feasible Oil refinery Water purification

6 -7 Process Selection and Facility Layout Product – Process Matrix Figure 6. 2 (cont’d) Dimension Job Shop Batch Repetitive Continuous Job variety Very High Moderate Low Very low Process flexibility Very High Moderate Low Very low Unit cost Very High Moderate Low Very low Volume of output Very Low High Very High

6 -8 Process Selection and Facility Layout Automation · Automation: Machinery that has sensing and control devices that enables it to operate Fixed automation · Programmable automation ·

6 -9 Process Selection and Facility Layout Automation • Computer-aided design and manufacturing systems (CAD/CAM) • Numerically controlled (NC) machines • Robot • Manufacturing cell • Flexible manufacturing systems(FMS) • Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM)