5 Themes of Geography Geography Geography is the

5 Themes of Geography

Geography • Geography is the study of: – People, the places they live, and how they all interact.

5 Themes Location Region Place 5 themes of Geography Movement Human. Environment Interaction

Location and Place • Location gives a definite location – Absolute or Relative locations • Place - describes the human/ physical characteristics – Describes mountains, rivers, deserts, etc. – Ex. Ashburn is flat and heavily populated with few rivers. It also has people from many different nations • Location and place are different because… – One describes WHERE you are – The other describes WHAT your place is like

• Human-Environment Interaction, Movement, and Region Human-Environment Interaction – Explains how humans adapt and modify their environment to better suit their needs – Ex. Air conditioning or leveling land for housing • Movement looks at how and why humans move around the world and what they bring with them – Ex. Cultural diffusion and migration • Regions are units of geographic study – Formal regions- clearly defined regions (countries) – Functional regions- defined by connections • Ex. DC Metro Area – connected by the Beltway – Vernacular regions- no formal boundaries, but known • Ex. The Midwest or The South or Northern VA

NOW LETS SING ALONG TO THE 5 Themes of Geography Song! I know you are super excited

Latitude & Longitude : the Global Grid • An imaginary grid of lines used to find location • Can be found on most maps throughout the world • It is a uniform measurement (all countries use it)

LATITUDE • Imaginary lines that run Across the earth • Parallel - they never touch!!! • They measure distance North or South of the equator

LATITUDE A = ACROSS !!!!!!! FROM LEFT TO RIGHT

• Remember - THEY ARE LONG • Measure distance East or West of the Prime Meridian • Intersect above the North and South Pole • (Run Up & Down on a map) Usually!!!

Reading Latitude and Longitude • When reading maps for location, you must use latitude and longitude to locate your destination • Latitude always comes first, then Longitude – Ex. 40 N, 160 E or 27 S, 17 E • Use the worksheets given to practice finding location • Use the sheet to define and sketch the different types of geographic features

Want another song? ? If not too bad

Types of Land Forms

Island – land area that is surrounded by water Long Island Archipelago – chain of islands Hawaiian Islands

Cape – Narrow point of land that extends into a body of water Cape Cod, MA Peninsula – piece of land that is surrounded by water on three sides Florida

Hill – area of raised land that is lower and more rounded than a mountain Hills Acadia National Park Maine Mountain – high, steep, rugged land that rises sharply above the surrounding land. Mount Mc. Kinley, Alaska

Plain – broad area of fairly level land that is generally close to sea level Plains Cheyenne River Sioux Reservation Wyoming Plateau – large area of high, flat, or gently rolling land Bateke Plateau Gabon, Africa

Desert – area that has little or no moisture or vegetation Sahara Desert, Africa Coast – land that borders the sea Jones Beach

Continent – any of seven large land masses on the Earth’s surface Europe North America Africa Asia Sub-continent – an area of land that is part of a continent but is separated by something (landform, language, etc. India Central (Latin) America South America Antarctica Australia

Isthmus – narrow strip of land joining two large land areas or joining a peninsula to a mainland. Isthmus of Panama Strait – narrow channel that connects two larger bodies of water Strait of Gibraltar

Tributary – stream or small river that flows into a larger stream or river tributary map of Lake Erie River – large stream of water that empties into an ocean, lake, or another river Hudson and Mohawk Rivers

Bay – part of a body of water that is partly enclosed by land Jamaica Bay Gulf – arm of an ocean or sea that is partly enclosed by land, usually larger than a bay. Gulf of Mexico

Lake – body of fresh water surrounded by land Great Lakes Sea – large body of salt water that is smaller than an ocean Black Sea

Ocean – any of the large bodies of salt water on the Earth’s surface. Arctic. COcean Pacific A Ocean Atlantic B Ocean Indian D Ocean