5 Electromagnetic Optics 5 1 ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY OF

5. Electromagnetic Optics

5. 1 ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY OF LIGHT for the 6 components Maxwell Eq. onde Maxwell

At the boundary between two dielectric media and in the absence of free electric charges and currents, the tangential components of the electric and magnetic fields must be continuous, the normal components of the electric and magnetic flux densities must be continuous.

5. 2 Dielectric media Constitutive relations linear nondispersive homogeneous isotropic spatial nondispersive Localized approximation

A. Linear, Nondispersive, Homogeneous, and Isotropic Media ( constant ) e : permittivity e/eo : dielectric constant n = (e/eo)^1/2

B. Nonlinear, Dispersive, Inhomogeneous, and Anisotropic Media

susceptibility tensor electric permittivity tensor

5. 3 Monochromatic EM waves

Intensity: average of the Poynting vector High frequency, cancel out in the average Thus with

5. 4 Elementary EM waves impedance

Are the Maxwell equations fulfilled?

5. 5 Absorption and dispersion

being an analytic and well-behaved ( ( )/ 0 when ) function The refractive index n( ) is also related to the absorption coefficient a( ), so that if one is known for all , the other may be determined.

5. 6 Pulse propagation in dispersive media

now, we have arrived the final solution of In summary, to find the transmitted field of

propagating in a dispersive, non-absorption medium