5 2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis KEY CONCEPT Cells

















- Slides: 17

5. 2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis KEY CONCEPT Cells divide during mitosis and cytokinesis. Zebra Book Chpt 9 -2

5. 2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis Objectives for section 5 -2 • Explain the importance of chromosomes condensing at the start of mitosis • Elaborate of the processes of mitosis and cytokinesis to create identical cells.

5. 2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis Chromosomes condense at the start of mitosis. • DNA wraps around proteins (histones) that condense it. DNA double helix DNA and histones Chromatin Supercoiled DNA

5. 2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis • DNA plus proteins is called chromatin. chromatid • One half of a duplicated chromosome is a chromatid. • Sister chromatids are held together at the centromere. • Telomeres protect DNA and do not include genes. telomere centromere telomere Condensed, duplicated chromosome

5. 2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis Mitosis: equal division of nuclear material (chromosomes) -Greek word “mitos” = thread • Genes consist of long threadlike molecules -Creates identical cells -Replaces worn-out cells -Repair -Growth

5. 2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis Spindle apparatus helps chromatids move to opposite sides of dividing cell in mitosis -Made of centrioles, asters & microtubule fibers

5. 2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis Spindle Apparatus Micro tubu les asters Centrioles

5. 2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis Four phases of mitosis -Continuous process followed by cytokinesis 1. Interphase (not part of mitosis) 2. Prophase 3. Metaphase 4. Anaphase 5. Telophase (then cytokinesis)

5. 2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis Mitosis and cytokinesis produce two genetically identical daughter cells. Parent cell • Interphase prepares the cell to divide. • During interphase, DNA is duplicated. • “Inter” means between centrioles spindle fibers centrosome nucleus with DNA

5. 2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis • Prophase (Pro” = “before” or “earlier than”). -Chromosomes condense, nuclear envelope breaks down, and spindle fibers form.

5. 2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis • Metaphase (“Meta” = “later than” or “after” – Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.

5. 2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis • Anaphase (“Ana” = “up” or “back”) – Sister chromatids separate to opposite sides of the cell.

5. 2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis • Telophase (“Telo” = “end”). – New nuclei form, spindle disassembles, and chromosomes begin to uncoil. -reverse prophase

5. 2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis (division of cytoplasm) differs in animal and plant cells. -Animal cell pinched in half by protein belt (cleavage furrow)

5. 2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis Plants: cell plate forms in middle of cell

5. 2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis Prophase Anaphase Metaphase Telophase Mitosis magnified 2700 times

5. 2 Onion Mitosis and Cytokinesis root mitosis
Chapter 9 section 2 mitosis and cytokinesis
Mitosis and cytokinesis images in order
Spindle fibers
Cell in interphase labeled
Cytokinesis usually but not always follows mitosis
Painting
Prophase of meiosis 2
Telophase 2 and cytokinesis
Metaphase plate
Development of paranasal sinuses
Chlorocruorin
Venn diagram for animal and plant cells
Masses of cells form and steal nutrients from healthy cells
Cells undergoing mitosis
Youtu.beq
Youtube.com
What happens in metaphase
Interphase to cytokinesis