5 1 Using Formulae in Calculation Using Formulae
- Slides: 15
5. 1 Using Formulae in Calculation Using Formulae: - Advantage: perform calculation automatically. - Every formula begins with an equal sign (=). - Examples of mathematical operators: Mathematical operators Meaning + Examples Formula in cell Displayed result Addition =2+3 5 - Subtraction =5 -2 3 * Multiplication =12*4 48 / Division =10/2 5 ^ Exponentiation =4^2 16 () Brackets =(2+3)*4 20
5. 1 Using Formulae in Calculation Using Cell Address in Formulae - Cell addresses (rather than actual number) can be used in formulae so that the values stored in cells are calculated. - In the spreadsheet below, cell C 1 stores the formula ‘=A 1+B 1’ which adds up the values stored in cells A 1 and B 1.
5. 1 Using Formulae in Calculation Using Cell Address in Formulae - Cell addresses can be easily entered in formula by pointing them. - After starting the formula with the equal sign (=), just click the specified cell. - The corresponding cell address will be entered into the formula. Press Enter to complete the formula.
5. 1 Using Formulae in Calculation Using Cell Address in Formulae (1) Enter ‘=’. (3) Enter ‘+’ and then click cell B 2 to enter the cell address ‘B 2’. (2) Click cell B 1, so that the cell address ‘B 1’ is entered. (4) Press ‘Enter’ to complete the formula input. The calculated value ‘ 30’ is displayed in cell B 3.
5. 1 Using Formulae in Calculation Using Cell Address in Formulae (1) Enter ‘=’. (3) Enter ‘+’ and then click cell B 2 to enter the cell address ‘B 2’. (2) Click cell B 1, so that the cell address ‘B 1’ is entered. (4) Press ‘Enter’ to complete the formula input. The calculated value ‘ 30’ is displayed in cell B 3.
5. 2 Using Functions in Calculation - Many built-in functions are provided by Microsoft Excel. - A formula is formed when inputs are added to the function. The inputs are usually cell addresses. - The formulae use the inputs for calculation and the results are shown directly in the corresponding cells. The formula in a specified cell is shown in the formula bar when the cell is selected.
5. 2 Using Functions in Calculation Using SUM Function - The ‘SUM’ function adds up the values stored in one or more cells. - For example, cell D 2 stores the formula ‘=SUM(A 1: C 1)’, which adds up the values stored in cells A 1 to C 1.
5. 2 Using Functions in Calculation Using SUM Function - Cell address used in the ‘SUM’ function can be entered by clicking and dragging. - E. g. , after entering ‘=SUM(’ in cell A 4, click cell A 1 and then drag to cell A 3. The cell range ‘A 1: A 3’ will be entered in the formula.
5. 2 Using Functions in Calculation Copying Formula - To copy a formula to adjacent columns or rows, drag the fill handle of the cell which stores the formula. - E. g. the formula ‘=SUM(A 1: A 3)’ stored in cell A 4 is copied to cells B 4 and C 4. Add up numbers stored in cells C 1 to C 3 Drag
5. 2 Using Functions in Calculation Copying Formula - The formula copied to cells B 4 and C 4 adds up the numbers directly above them, rather than the numbers stored in cells A 1 to A 3. - Check that cell C 4 indicating the cell addresses in the formula is automatically changed from ‘A 1: A 3’ to ‘C 1: C 3’. This is known as relative cell addressing.
5. 2 Using Functions in Calculation Using AVERAGE Function - The ‘AVERAGE’ function calculates the average value for a group of cells. - E. g. cell D 2 stores the formula ‘=AVERAGE(A 1: C 1)’ which calculates the average value of cells A 1 to C 1.
5. 2 Using Functions in Calculation Using MAX and MIN Functions - The ‘MAX’ and ‘MIN’ functions can be used to find the largest and smallest value of a group of cells respectively. - E. g. cell B 1 stores the formula ‘=MAX(A 1: A 4)’, which finds the largest value of cells A 1 to A 4.
5. 2 Using Functions in Calculation Using MAX and MIN Functions - E. g. the formula ‘=MIN(A 1: A 4)’ in cell B 2 gives the smallest value in cells A 1 to A 4.
5. 2 Using Functions in Calculation Using COUNT Function - The ‘COUNT’ function counts the number of cells in a selected range that contains numbers. - E. g. cell B 1 stores the formula ‘=COUNT(A 1: A 7)’. It counts the number of cells which stores a number from cells A 1 to A 7.
5. 2 Using Functions in Calculation Using COUNT Function - The ‘COUNT’ function counts the number of cells in a selected range that contains numbers. - E. g. cell B 1 stores the formula ‘=COUNT(A 1: A 7)’. It counts the number of cells which stores a number from cells A 1 to A 7.
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