5 1 Nature of Pollution Subsubtopics 5 1

5. 1 Nature of Pollution

Sub-subtopics 5. 1. 1 Define the term pollution. 5. 1. 2 Distinguish between the terms point source pollution and non-point source pollution, and outline the challenges they present for management. 5. 1. 3 State the major sources of pollutants.

5. 1. 1 Pollution “the addition to the biosphere of a substance or an agent (such as heat) by human activity, at a rate greater than that at which it can be rendered harmless by the environment. ” – Rutherford, pg. 276 ●

3. 1. 1 Examples of Pollution ● Gases CO 2? ●Ozone (O 3)? ● Liquids ●Solids ●Noise ●Light ●Heat ●

5. 1. 2 Point Source Pollution from an easily recognizable, single site Chernobyl (26 April, 1986) Bhopal, India (2 -3 December, 1984) Tailpipe of a car (multiple point sources can act as a non-point source) Easy to manage/regulate Identifiable source (factory chimney, waste disposal pipe, oil tanker, etc. ) Identifiable culprit (factory, house, drilling platform, etc. )

5. 1. 2 Non-point Source Pollution http: //lab. visual-logic. com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/image. png Pollution released from numerous, widely dispersed sites Chemical fertilizers Neighborhoods/cities Runoff Difficult to manage/regulate Who is the culprit? More widespread laws difficult to enforce Air pollution spreads hundreds of kilometers

Sources and Effects http: //www. nature. nps. gov/air/aqbasics/images/AQBasic. Sources. gif

5. 1. 3 Major Pollutants(from Rutherford, table 15. 1, pg 277) MAJOR SOURCE POLLUTANT EFFECTS ●Carbon dioxide CO 2 ●Sulfur dioxide SO 2 ●Nitrogen oxides NOX ●Photochemical smog ●Carbon monoxide CO ●Greenhouse gas; climate change ●Acid deposition; respiratory problems ●Respiratory infections, eye irritation, smog ●Damages plants, eye irritation, respiratory problems ●Suffocation (binds w/ hemoglobin in red blood cell) Domestic waste ●Organic waste (food & sewage) ●Waste paper ●Plastics (containers & packaging) ●Glass ●Tins ●Eutrophication; water-borne diseases ●Landfill; deforestation ●Landfill; derived from oil ●Manufacturing energy; landfill (recyclable) ●Landfill (recyclable) Industrial waste ●Heavy metals (Hg, Pb, Cd, etc. ) ●Fluorides ●Heat ●Lead ●Acids ●Poisoning ●Reduces oxygen solubility (BOD) ●Disabilities in children; poisoning ●Corrosive Combustion of fossil fuels ●Nitrates Agricultural waste ●Organic waste ●Pesticides ●Eutrophication; spread diseases ●Biomagnification; bioaccumulation

5. 1. 3 AIR Pollutants – EU

Korea & the U. S. Retrieved on 03 -11 -2011 from: http: //eng. me. go. kr/content. do? me thod=move. Content&menu. Code=p ol_cha_air_sta_emi_volume

5. 1. 3 Major Pollutants – AIR INDOOR Retrieved 03 -11 -2011 from: http: //www. ebtron. com/IAQ_Basics/ebtron_IAQ_Basics_Dillution. htm

Retrieved on 03 -11 -2011 from: http: //www. environment. nsw. gov. au/images/wa ter/09085 landscape. gif 5. 1. 3 Major Pollutants - WATER

5. 1. 3 Major Pollutants - LAND Retrieved on 03 -11 -2011 from: http: //visual. merriam-webster. com/images/earth/environment/land-pollution. jpg