4315 SCI SPOT Page 144 What is fossil

4/3/15 SCI SPOT: Page 144: What is “fossil record” And how it supports THEORY of Evolution? Fossil-evidence-TWIG BE PREPARED: Pick up ISN notebook at the door*** Have PEN/Pencil

Fossil Record-historical record n Provides evidence how species (different groups of organisms) evolved (changed) over time.

TODAY: Bird Beak Lab. S Data Analysis Use Calculators + Bar graph your results VOICE LEVEL: 1 Talk to your shoulder partners.

Graded Bird Beak Lab Finish n 1. add up group average page 2 n 2. fill out analysis table (page two has calories for each type of food) n 3. create bar graph: look at example page 2 n 4. page 1: complete conclusion questions

WEEK 31: 4/2 - 4/6 2018 HOMEWORK-STUDY FOR DIA 6 READ/REVIEW All PPTS ON WEBSITE: http: misskraemer-science. weebly. com

4/4/18 SCI SPOT: Page 380 How fossil record provides evidence that extinct species share similarities with current species? Fossil-recorddefinition-examples. STUDY BE PREPARED: Pick up Textbook/ISN

Eyewitness prehistoric life n Safari Montage: Chapter 3: Fossil record Video Notes Topic: Fossil Record 4/4/18 n Write 3 facts you learned from the video. n

Graded Handout : Natural Selection Cartoon n VOICE LEVEL: 0 =ABSOLUTE SILENCE n MOVEMENT-NONE STAY IN YOUR SEAT n HELP: RAISE YOUR HAND

1. Rocket Time Quizziz Reviewuse phone or check out an IPAD 2. Bring all your ISN notebooks to grade.

4/5/18 SCI SPOT: Page 399 Consider that panther’s population decreased almost to extinction, which lowered the genetic variation of panthers, what would be a likely result of this? Natural-selection STUDY BE PREPARED: Pick up Textbook/ISN Have PEN/Pencil http: //misskraemerscience. weebly. com/

GRADING ISN NOTEBOOKS STAPLE ALL VIDEO NOTES AND SCI SPOTS n WHEN READY ONE AT A TIME BRING YOUR NOTEBOOK TO TEACHER TO BE GRADED n IF YOU ARE DONE-WORK ON THE ADAPTATION HANDOUT n

Reading Check Quiz 4/5/18 True/False: 1. Similar structures that related species inherited from a common ancestor are known as analogous structures. 2. True or False Adaptation is a process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. n

PM Reading Check Quiz 4/5/18 True/False: 1. Similar structures that related species inherited from a common ancestor are known as homologous structures. 2. True or False Natural Selection is a process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. n

4/6/18 SCI SPOT: Page: 390+ 491 Giraffes who are born with longer and longer necks are example of what part of evolution? Genetic-variability-and-natural selection STUDY http: //misskraemerscience. weebly. com/

Natural Selection Cartoon Analysis Graded Partner Work LAB Procedure n 1. Sign both of your names on the handout; n 2. Read handout together with your shoulder mate, then take turns giving examples – n 3. DRAW Genetic. Variation/Strugg le for Existence/Survival of the Fittest/Descent with Modification During Partner Work n n VOICE LEVEL: LOW -WHISPER MOVEMENT: WITH PERMISSION ONLY HELP RAISE HAND PHONES: NO

NATURAL SELECTION CARTOON DUE FRIDAY

Turn to Your Partner and share what YOU think: In Everglades pythons were introduced and killed a lot of the bird populations, explain why this sudden change drastically lowered number of spieces of birds in Everglades? http: //misskraemerscience. weebly. com/

QUIZ TRADE Evolution Vocab Handout n n 1. FIND DEFINITIONS IN YOUR BOOK/ISN (Start on 374) 2. WRITE DEFINITIONS ON THE BACK OF AN INDEX CARD-MAKE 4 CARDS-ONE FOR EACH: 1. Adaptation, 2. Biodiversity, 3. Endangered Species, 4. Evolution n 3. STAND UP, HAND UP, PAIR UP: QUESTION-QUIZ AT LEAST 2 STUDENTS ON EACH TERMINOLOGY ABOVE. TAKE TURNS.

Chapter 11: Scavenger Hunt: 7 MIN Scavenger Word Hunt: Look through Lesson 11 and find answers to 1 -4, and write them in your ISN. n 1. How many species scientists have identified existing on Earth? 2. What were main differences between iguanas on the Galapagos Islands and on the mainland? 3. How do Endangered species differ from Threatened Species? Endangered-vs-

Class Work Why did whiter peppered moth change into black one? 2. Why do you think black peppered moth could change back into white? After completed we will watch video about Peppered Moths. 1.

Charles Darwin CLASS NOTES n n Darwin Hypothesized that species change over many generations and become better adapted to new conditions. Darwin proposed that over a long time natural selection can lead to change. Helpful variations may accumulate in species and unfavorable disappear.

WHAT DOES THIS DIAGRAM SHOW?

Homologous Structures n Homologous Structures-SIMILAR structures that related species have inherited from common ancestor and also have different mature forms in different organisms, but develop from the same embryonic tissue. (Turn to page 383 and look at figure 4)

Other Evidence for Evolution n Vestigial organs-organs that serve no useful function in an organism n i. e. ) appendix, miniature legs, arms Bird Brain Evolution

THINK/PAIR/SHARE n 1. What is main difference TIMER: 8 MIN 385/388) WHISPER MOVEMENT: WITH PERMISSION ONLY HELP RAISE HAND, THEN COME TO MY DESK ONE AT A TIME PHONES: NO between a “Hypothesis” and RULES: Scientific Theory? (Pages n VOICE LEVEL: LOW n 2. Sexual reproduction causes variation in species. How does this affect survival of species? n n n 3. What role “adaptation” plays in “natural selection”? (page 390) n

ANSWERS n n n 1. Both hypothesis and scientific theory are based on observation but scientific theory is based on tested and verified hypothesis. n (Pages 385/388) 2. Species that has no variation n might eventually become extinct. TIMER: 8 MIN VOICE LEVEL: LOW WHISPER MOVEMENT: WITH PERMISSION ONLY n HELP RAISE HAND, 3. Adaptation to environment THEN COME TO MY is a factor that affects survival DESK ONE AT A TIME likelihood of species. (page 390)n PHONES: NO

Graded Partner Work Lab: Adaptation & Natural Selection Procedures: n Sign both of your names on the handout; n Read handout together with your shoulder mate, then take turns giving examples 3 example each student – total 6 animal examples. n Highlight the definition of Adaptation and copy it in your ISN. During Partner Work: VOICE LEVEL: LOW -WHISPER n MOVEMENT: WITH PERMISSION ONLY n HELP RAISE HAND n PHONES: NO n

TURN TO SHOULDER PARNER TAKE TURNS: 1. In your own words, describe what YOU think NATURAL SELECTION means…

Class Notes: Natural Selection n Over time, natural selection results in changes in inherited characteristics of a population. These changes increase a species fitness in its environment.

Three Video Facts: Exit Ticket Safari Montage Natural Selection 2. Watch the video and write 3 new things you have now learned. NOTE: You will be required to show your 3 facts completed in ISN to teacher when the ISN is collected at the end of the class;

1. What is the difference between Scientific theory and Scientific LAW? n 2. DARWIN SECRET During Movie: NOTEBOOKS: Watch n movie and complete n the questions on the handout during the movie. n n VOICE LEVEL: SILENCE MOVEMENT: NOEmergency only! HELP RAISE HAND PHONES: NO

1. What is the difference between Scientific theory and Scientific LAW? n 2. What are Three resources for survival? n 3. Part A: Leading cause of Panthers deaths. (p 399) n Part B: What is another way to reduce panthers deaths?

Read Book Page 394 1. How can entire new species form? 2. Why did male crickets in Kauai stopped chirping and how do you think it affects their ability to find a mate? n 3. DARWIN SECRET During Movie: NOTEBOOKS: We will finish n watching the movie please n complete all the questions on the handout during the movie. n n VOICE LEVEL: SILENCE MOVEMENT: NOEmergency only! HELP RAISE HAND PHONES: NO

Read Book Pages 634/638 Blue Book 1. Describe process of “Selection”(634/635) 2. Describe process of “Speciation”(638)? 3. Describe figure 3 page 638, and what “Separation” is. During Bellringer: VOICE LEVEL: Whisper/LOW VOICE LEVEL 1 n MOVEMENT: NO-Emergency only! n HELP RAISE HAND n PHONES: NO n

Answers Review 1. Scientific Theory/Scientific Law: A scientific theory is a well-supported testable explanation of phenomena that have occurred in the natural world. (why it happens) Scientific Law predicts that phenomena will occur. (what will happen each time) 2. Three Resources for survival: food, water/shelter (safety) 3. Florida Panthers: Q 1: leading cause of death: hit by cars; what would be # of panthers killed by other panthers if total population is 1120? (21%); Q 2: Reduce # of death: better adopted-new traits crossbreeding: Lower Diseases 3/28 MON 1. A new species from parts of it becomming isolated from the rest for a very long time resulting them to evolve different traits. 2. Crickets-Discuss 3. Review Answers Darwin Handout

Evidence of Evolution n n The Fossil Record Geographic Distribution of Living Things-similar environments have similar types of organisms Homologous Body Structures Similarities in Early Development

Food for Thought TURN TO YOUR SHOULDER PARTNER AND DISCUSS FOR TWO MINUTES QUESTION BELOW: Earth has millions of other kinds of organisms of every imaginable shape, size, and habitat. This variety of living things is called biological diversity. How did all these different organisms arise? n Review what is genetic Variation?

Darwin’s Theory of Evolution, or change over time, is the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms. n Blue Book Page: 637 1. Natural selection of Insecticide Resistance: Read figure 2 and in your own words explain to your shoulder mate your understanding. 2. In ISN write in your own words what Insecticide Resistance is. n

Turn To Shoulder partner and discuss, take turns: How do you think Darwin came up with his theory?

MAKE UP DAY: WHEN DONE: work on finishing your Bird Beak Lab. During MAKE UP: n n VOICE LEVEL: Whisper/LOW VOICE LEVEL 1 MOVEMENT: NO-Emergency only! HELP RAISE HAND PHONES: NO

Voyage of the Beagle Evolution Documentary Movie

Voyage of Beagle Dates: February 12 th, 1831 n Ship: H. M. S. Beagle n Destination: Voyage around the world. n Findings: evidence to propose a revolutionary hypothesis about how life changes over time n

Patterns of Diversity n Darwin visited Argentina and Australia which had similar grassland ecosystems. Different grasslands were inhabited by very different animals. u Neither Argentina nor Australia was home to the sorts of animals that lived in European grasslands. u

Patterns of Diversity n Darwin posed challenging questions. Why were there no rabbits in Australia, despite the presence of habitats that seemed perfect for them? u Why were there no kangaroos in England? u

Living Organisms and Fossils n Darwin collected the preserved remains of ancient organisms, called fossils. n Some of those fossils resembled organisms that were still alive today.

Read book page 385 RECALL: In the movie “Darwin Secret Notebooks” Darwin found very large fossils that looked completely unlike any creature he had ever seen. As Darwin studied fossils, new questions arose. n 1. How are fossils evidence for evolution? n 2. How were fossils related to living species-Explain “change over time”? n 3. What knowledge scientists now have that Darwin did not? (BP: 392)

ANSWERS 1. Fossils provide evidence for evolution by showing similarities in bone/body structures with living relatives today. n 2. Change over time similarities in DNA, protein structures and patterns of early development all provide evidence that the organisms were related and changed over time. n 3. What knowledge scientists now have that Darwin did not? (BP: 392) Darwin did not have knowledge of genes and inheritance of genetic variations in organism. Darwin could not explain how traits were passed on.

Fossils Round Robin 2 MIN: Turn to shoulder partner and recall what fossils you remember Darwin found on his JOURNEY.

1. Natural selection of Insecticide Resistance: 2. What are the four parts on natural selection? (Look at tarantula PIC blue book 634)

1. Insecticide Resistance is ability to not get poisoned by the toxins in the sprays-insects develops genes to make them survive high doses of poisons in environment. 2. Four parts of natural selection are:

Partner Work: Brain Storming Activity Imagine there were two types of hamsters living on an island, winged and wingless, what type of event would make one species be better adopted than over the other? Explain what would make one kind be ?

BE PREPARED: Have Your Presentations Ready You don’t need ISN’s or Books! Agenda: BE READY TO PRESENT YOUR SPECIES! PINK ELEPHANT SQUIRELL T. Trimpe 2008 http: //sciencespot. net/

BE PREPARED: Have Your Presentations Ready You will need ISN’s but not books! Agenda: REVIEW KAHOOT GAME! GREAT JOB YESTERDAY ON PRESENTATIONS! T. Trimpe 2008 http: //sciencespot. net/

What will happen…Handout Procedure: n n Write your name on the Bellringer handout Staple or Glue to ISN and complete for Credit During Activity n VOICE LEVEL: SILENCE n MOVEMENT: NOEmergency only! n HELP RAISE HAND n PHONES: NO n When done, raise your hand teacher w

The Galapagos Island n The smallest, lowest islands were hot, dry, and nearly barren-Hood Island-sparse vegetation n The higher islands had greater rainfall and a different assortment of plants and animals-Isabela- Island had rich vegetation.

The Galapagos Island n Darwin was fascinated in particular by the land tortoises and marine iguanas in the Galápagos. n Giant tortoises varied in predictable ways from one island to another. n The shape of a tortoise's shell could be used to identify which island a particular tortoise inhabited.

Animals found in the Galapagos n Land Tortoises n Darwin Finches n Blue-Footed Booby

Animals

The Journey Home n Darwin Observed that characteristics of many plants and animals vary greatly among the islands n Hypothesis: Separate species may have arose from an original ancestor

Ideas that shaped Darwin’s Thinking n James Hutton: n 1795 Theory of Geological change u Forces change earth’s surface shape u Changes are slow u Earth much older than thousands of years

Ideas that Shaped Darwin’s Thinking n Charles Lyell n Book: Principles of Geography Geographical features can be built up or torn down Darwin thought if earth changed over time, what about life? n n

Lamarck

Lamarck’s Theory of Evolution n Tendency toward Perfection(Giraffe necks) n Use and Disuse (bird’s using forearms) n Inheritance of Acquired Traits

Population Growth n n Thomas Malthus 19 th century English economist If population grew (more Babies born than die) u Insufficient living space u Food runs out u Darwin applied this theory to animals

Publication of Origin of Species n Russel Wallace wrote an essay summarizing evolutionary change from his field work in Malaysia n This gave Darwin the drive to publish his findings

Natural Selection & Artificial Selection n Natural variation--differences among individuals of a species n Artificial selection- nature provides the variation among different organisms, and humans select those variations they find useful.

Evolution by Natural Selection n The Struggle for Existence-members of each species have to compete for food, shelter, other life necessities n Survival of the Fittest-Some individuals better suited for the environment

Struggle For Existence & Survival of The Fittest

Descent n n Descent with Modification-Each living organism has descended, with changes from other species over time Common Descent- were derived from common ancestors

Evidence of Evolution n The Fossil Record n Geographic Distribution of Living Things n Homologous Body Structures n Similarities in Early Development

Review Evidence for Evolution n n The Fossil Record. Layer show change Geographic Distribution of Living Things Homologous Body Structures Similarities in Early Development

Summary of Darwin’s Theory n Individuals in nature differ from one another n Organisms in nature produce more offspring than can survive, and many of those who do not survive do not reproduce.

Summary of Darwin’s Theory n Because more organisms are produce than can survive, each species must struggle for resources n Each organism is unique, each has advantages and disadvantages in the struggle for existence

Summary (cont. ) n Individuals best suited for the environment survive and reproduce most successful n Species change over time

Summary (cont. ) n Species alive today descended with modification from species that lived in the past n All organisms on earth are united into a single family tree of life by common descent

Be Prepared: Pencil During remediation Test: Test Voice Level: low voices Movement: with permission Help: Raise Your Hand All PHONES TURNED OFF. M. Kraemer 2016 http: //misskraemer-science. weebly. com/

Use the Remediation Sheets & Explain your Answers to Show Better Understanding. Be Prepared n n n Pencil+ ISN During DIA Test: Voice Level: SILENCE Movement: No Help: Raise Your Hand

Timer : 7 min Make up missed work! VOICE LEVEL: LOW /WHISPER n MOVEMENT: YES BUT QUIET n HELP RAISE HAND: COME TO MY DESK ONE AT A TIME n PHONES: NO n

Round Table-Partner Work n n From the just read article answer the handout pages 1+2 and circle answers with the eraser marker on the transparent sleeve. Raise your hand when done you will be given a key to check your answers. Voice Level: Low/Whisper n Movement: NO (Ask for help/pencil/sharpener) HELP: Raise Your Hand PHONES NOT ALLOWED. TIMER: 8 MIN n

Group Activity Evolution n n You will be assigned into one of 5 groups You will rotate to next group (higher number ex 1 2 3 4 5 1 Every 6 min bell will ring and you need to have completed questions in the folder Each student in ISN n n n VOICE LEVEL: LOW VOICES MOVEMENT: ONLY WHEN BELL RINGS HELP: ASK SHOULDER MATE THIS IS YOUR THINK TIME ANSWERS ARE ON THE BACK OF THE FOLDERS.