4 5 The Constitutional Convention 1787 1789 Objectives

4 -5: The Constitutional Convention, 1787 -1789

Objectives �NAT 1. 0 Explain how ideas about democracy, freedom, and individualism found expression in the development of cultural values, political institutions, and American identity. �POL 1. 0 Explain how and why political ideas, beliefs, institutions, party systems, and alignments have developed and changed. �POL 3. 0 Explain how different beliefs about the federal government’s role in U. S. social and economic life have affected political debates and policies. �WXT 2. 0 Explain how patterns of exchange, markets, and private enterprise have developed, and analyze ways that governments have responded to economic issues.

Key Concept The American Revolution’s democratic and republican ideals inspired new experiments with different forms of government.

The Constitution �Philadelphia Convention �Presided over by Washington �Result of series of compromises � Government acceptable to � large and small states � slave and free states

Provisions of the Constitution �Republicanism �Consent of the governed �Separation of Powers �Checks and Balances �Great Compromise �VA and NJ Plans �CT Compromise— bicameral �Stronger federal economic powers �Federalism �Guarantee of Slavery �Three-Fifths Compromise

Ratification Debate � Anti-Federalists � Included Patrick Henry and George Mason � Feared that a strong central government would become tyrannical � Demanded a guarantee of individual rights � Federalists � Included Alexander Hamilton and James Madison � A large republic offered the best protection of minority rights � Bill of rights unnecessary � State protections existed � Federalist Papers—rationale behind Constitution � � Separation of powers checks and balances

Ratification �Bill of Rights �First 10 amendments to Constitution �Guarantee of individual liberties �States’ rights (10 th Amendment)