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THE APOSTLES Lesson 1 Part 2
10. A - Judas, one of the apostles, betrayed Jesus and was the first to die. After Jesus was resurrected, it was determined that a new man needed to take Judas’ place. What qualifications did this new apostle need to meet (Acts 1: 15 -26)? • “Accompanied us all the time that the Lord Jesus went in and out among us” (21) • Beginning with the baptism of John (22) • Until the day that He was taken up from us (22) –
10. B - Why were these particular qualifications chosen as opposed to the character qualifications necessary to become an elder (their qualifications are listed in I Tim. 3: 1 -7 and Titus 1: 5 -9)? - These qualifications show the emphasis of the work of the apostles. They were witnesses (Mk. 3: 14; Acts 1: 8; 4: 33; 13: 30 -31). As such, the main qualification was that they had witnessed almost everything. - Character wasn’t ignored, though (Acts 1: 24). It was up to the God who knows “the heart of all men” to decide which man would become the new apostle.
10. C - How many men met the qualifications? • Joseph called Barsabbas (who was also called Justus) (Acts 1: 23) • Matthias (Acts 1: 23)
10. D - Which man was chosen to be the new apostle? “And they drew lots for them, and the lot fell to Matthias; and he was added to the eleven apostles” Acts 1: 26
10. E - Was this man actually chosen by God to be an apostle (Consider Acts 2: 14 and 6: 2)? • “He was added to the eleven apostles” (Acts 1: 26) • “Peter, taking his stand with the eleven…” (Acts 2: 14) • “So the twelve summoned the congregation” (Acts 6: 2)
10. F - Based on the qualifications to be an apostle and the limited number of men that met those qualifications, what can we reasonably conclude would happen to the office of apostleship? • The office (or role) of apostle would come to an end in the first century as no additional men could meet the qualifications. • This is crucial to our understanding of how the church and the truth would develop after the first century.
11. THE OTHER NEW APOSTLE – Paul describes himself as “one untimely born” (I Cor. 15: 8). He did not meet the qualifications laid out in Acts 1 which begs the question, on what basis could Paul be an apostle (I Cor. 9: 1 -2; Gal. 1: 1; I Tim. 1: 1; 2: 7; II Tim. 1: 1)? Should we expect there to be more apostles after Paul (I Cor. 15: 6 -8 seems to suggest an answer to this question)?
11. On what basis could Paul be an apostle (I Cor. 9: 1 -2; Gal. 1: 1; I Tim. 1: 1; 2: 7; II Tim. 1: 1)? • He was sent, not by men, but through Jesus Christ (Gal. 1: 1) • An apostle according to the commandment of God (I Tim. 1: 1). Appointed (I Tim. 2: 7) • An apostle by the will of God (II Tim. 1: 1) • “Have I not seen Jesus our Lord” (I Cor. 9: 1) • He saw Jesus on the road to Damascus (Acts 9: 1 -22; 22: 3 -16; 26: 9 -18) • His message was taught to him by Jesus (Gal. 1: 11). He was not taught by men, not even the apostles (Gal. 1: 13 -19) and when he did get to be with the apostles, they confirmed that he was not running in vain and that his message, the gospel, was the same and from the same source, though to a different audience (Gal. 2: 1 -10).
11. Should we expect there to be more apostles after Paul (I Cor. 15: 6 -8 seems to suggest an answer to this question)? • Paul was the anomaly and not the norm. • Paul says that Jesus appeared to him, “last of all” (I Cor. 15: 8). • Paul’s apostleship was doubted and the nature of his appointment made that easier. Fortunately, Paul had living apostles to confirm his appointment (Gal. 2: 9). A modern apostle would not have this benefit.
NO SUCCESSION OF APOSTLES • No one can meet the requirements given (Acts 1: 21 -22) • Paul was the “last of all” witness (I Cor. 15: 8) • There is no mention of James’ replacement (Acts 12) • Peter does not call on us to listen to the next guy but instead writes down a final message for all time (II Pet. 1: 13 -15)
12. What is the difference between a Pope and an apostle? Was Peter the first pope? I Corinthians 9: 5 shows one distinct difference between Peter and the Pope. • An apostle is a hand picked witness, endowed with the truth and miraculous powers by the Holy Spirit and sent out by Jesus to be a witness. • A pope is the leader of the catholic church, supposedly being the bishop of Rome. He is said to be infallible.
WAS PETER THE FIRST POPE? • There is no biblical evidence that he was the bishop of Rome. • He was married (Mt. 8: 14; I Cor. 9: 5) • He did not allow men to bow down to him (Acts 10: 25 -26)
WAS PETER THE FIRST POPE? • There is no biblical evidence that he was the bishop of Rome. • He was married (Mt. 8: 14; I Cor. 9: 5) • He did not allow men to bow down to him (Acts 10: 25 -26) • He was not the ruler over the apostles • • He was challenged (Acts 11: 2) He was not the ultimate authority (Acts 15: 6 -11) He was rebuked by Paul (Gal. 2: 11 -14) The apostles sent Peter and John (Acts 8: 14)
WAS PETER THE FIRST POPE? • There is no biblical evidence that he was the bishop of Rome. • He was married (Mt. 8: 14; I Cor. 9: 5) • He did not allow men to bow down to him (Acts 10: 25 -26) • He was not the ruler over the apostles • He was a “fellow elder” and not the Chief Shepherd (I Pet. 5: 1, 4)
13. How important are the apostles to Christians (Mt. 19: 27 -28; Eph. 2: 19 -22; Rev. 21: 14)? • They sit on twelve thrones (Mt. 19: 27 -28) • They are part of our foundation (Eph. 2: 19 -22) • Their name is written on the foundation stones of the holy city (Rev. 21: 14)
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