3 rd Slave WarSpartacus Revolt 73 71 BCE

3 rd Slave War/Spartacus Revolt (73 -71 BCE) Slave leaders: Spartacus (Thracian) Crixus (Gaul): killed at Mt Garganus w breakaway army Oenomaus (Gaul): killed early Gannicus (Gaul): killed near Rhegium while leading a breakaway army Castus (Gaul): killed near Rhegium while leading a breakaway army Ethnic groups: Germans, Gauls (Marius’ wars), Thracians Also: ethnic groups of Asia Minor (Mithradatic Wars 80 s & 70 s), Greeks (Sulla’s sack of Athens in 86)…

19 th century Spartacus (Edwin Forrest)

Spartacus, the ballet (1956)

20 th century Spartacus

21 st century Spartacus

Roman generals: 73 (war is praetorian) Claudius Glaber (praetor? ): humiliated on Vesuvius by 74 men + some vines P Varinius (praetor: enhanced imperium): eventually loses camp, battle, and horse L Furius (legatus): defeated along with a cavalry force L Cossinus (praetor? tribune? ): almost caught in bath 72 (war declared consular) Lucius Gellius Publicola (consul): wins and then loses Cornelius Lentulus Clodianus (consul): defeated in the Apennines C. Cassius Longinus (proconsul): defeated at Mutina) 72 -71 M. Licinius Crassus (praetor; enhanced imperium) Mummius: defeated with 2 legions, which are then decimated + Lucullus, Pompey

The Augustan Capuan amphitheatre: on the same site and retains some features of the older amphitheatre

Gladiator cells in Pompeii

Opening phase of the war from the initial breakout from Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Vatia/Batiatus’s ludus

Mt. Vesuvius

Stage II: movement from Vesuvius

Spartacus War movement according to Appian

Marcus Licinius Crassus c. 114 -53 BCE

Initial movement of Crassus