3 RD Annual Manfred Lachs Conference Montreal Quebec

3 RD Annual Manfred Lachs Conference Montreal, Quebec ICAO Headquarters March 16&17, 2015 Space Debris Removal as a First Step to Realizing a Legal Framework for Space Traffic Management Mr. Yu Takeuchi, JAXA, Japan Ms. Lauren Small-Pennefather, Canada

Towards a Comprehensive STM System Current environment is not sustainable “Congested, contested and competed” More State and non-State actors amplify to add a fourth C-CHAOTIC to the triple C threat! How do we define the rules of the road? How do we engage?

Number of Objects in Earth Orbit by Object Type (courtesy of Secure World Foundation, Space Sustainability: A Practical Guide 2014) This chart displays a summary of all objects equal to or larger than 10 cm in Earth orbit.

The Equation… 22, 000 1, 100 objects in orbit+ active satellites+ Exceeding speeds of 18, 000 per hour around the earth = SPACE DEBRIS

The Space Treaties (courtesy of Secure World Foundation, Space Sustainability: A Practical Guide 2014)

Soft Law-A Model For Success Promotes the safe and secure use of outer space and underpins the principles of the OST Supplements an antiquated system No single legal rule/obligation to regulate objects in outer space Encourages bilateral collaboration Increases collective State practice

The First Steps…. New international trends start with bilateral agreements Relinquishment of rights Sharing liability in case of damage Removal is achieved under mutual recognition and consent

The Next Steps…. Bold decisions of state actors Policy/regulatory/political/technical/organizatio nal Setting new standards Unified collective approach to space debris removal Uphold the spirit of the intent of the OST

Thank you for your time! Questions? ? ? takeuchi. yu@jaxa. jp lauren. small@asc-csa. gc. ca